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1.  怎么才能修炼得“地道的英语表达”呢？—> 破除一个“迷信思想”。

1)有一天John的生意很好，他把一只装有3000英镑的钱包放进微波炉里保存。

John had a very good day and put his wallet containing3000 pounds intothe microwave oven for safekeeping.

分析：

谓语动词：put into

非谓语动词：containing现在分词; for safekeeping介词＋动名词

2) 去年，我们针对21000起索赔要求支付了150万英镑。

Last year, we paid 1.5m pounds on 21,000 claims.

分析：

动词“针对”—>介词“on”.

英语和汉语显著差异：英语相对比较安静，汉语则更活泼。

2. 英语用介词来表达中文的动作

第4课《间谍的自我修养》：

Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher payfor the privilege of becoming white-collar workers.

许多人常常情缘放弃较高的薪水以换取做白领工人的殊荣，此乃人之常情。

分析：

动作“换取”—>介词for

exchange？不需要，只要介词for就足够了！

许孟雄教授: “在某些情况下, 英语介词是能够用来代替汉语动词的。” 

英国著名小说家 Robert Louis Stevenson的代表作《化身博士》：

Jekyll’s servant, Poole, let him in at once and took him through the kitchen and across the back garden to the laboratory behind the house.The old servant led Mr Utterson through the laboratory and up some stairs to the doctor’s private study above.

仆人Poole马上让他进去，并领着他穿过厨房和后花园来到屋后面的实验室。老仆人带他经过实验室，上楼来到博士的私人书房。

课后挑战1：

1.他带着微笑，想我走来。（用介词来表达“带着”）

2.这次会议具有重大意义。（用介词来表达“具有”）

3.这项目正在讨论之中。（用介词来表达“正在”）

4.小径蜿蜒前行，穿过村庄，越过平原，攀上山头。（用介词来表达“穿过、越过、攀上”）

3. 英语中的名词来表达中文里的动作

第4课《间谍的自我修养》：

He will be earning only half as much as used to, but he feels that his rise in status is well worth the loss of money.

他将来挣的钱只有他现在的一半。不过他觉得，地位升高了，损失点儿钱也值得。

分析：

英语优势词：名词；汉语优势词：动词

The sight and sound of our jet plane filled me with special longing.

看到我国的喷气式飞机，听见隆隆的飞机声，令我特别神往。

She has a greattastefor music.

她十分爱好音乐。

He feels sick at the idea of eating meat.

一想到吃肉，他就觉得恶心。

课后挑战2：

他很能侃侃而谈，却不太善于聆听。（转化成英语中的名词）

4.  英语的形容词和副词转化为汉语的动词

We are very gratefulto you for meeting us at the airport.

 非常感谢你来机场接我们。

I am doubtful whether she is still alive. 我怀疑她是否还活着。

He is thirsty for knowledge. 他渴望知识。

They were up before dawn that day. 那天他们在黎明前就起身了。

课后挑战3：

他渴望拥有权利。（请用形容词hungry，和名词hunger，分别成句）

5.英语非谓语动词表达中文的动作

非谓语动词家族：现在分词doing, 过去分词done，以及不定式to do.

第1课《逃逸新闻一则》:

Then hunt for the puma began in a small village where a womanpicking blackberries saw ‘a large cat’ only five yards away from her.

搜寻美洲狮的工作是从一个小村庄开始的，那里的一位妇女在采摘黑莓时看见“一只大猫”，离她仅五码远。

第2课《夜半钟声》：

Armed with a torch, the vicar went up into the clock tower to see what was going on.

牧师拿着一支电筒走上钟楼想去看看究竟发生了什么事情。

分析：英语句法中严格限制谓语动词的数量。

6.英语静态，汉语动态－－－背后的原因

汉语：分析型语言

英语：屈折型语言。有词形变位。对谓语动词的数量有严格控制—>英语中的动作意义常常借助于非谓语动词、名词、形容词、介词或副词来表达。

英语呈现出相对静态，中文偏向动态的特征。

课后综合挑战：

对照中文划线部分（即加粗部分），找出这段英语中所有“表达动作的副词、名词、介词、和非谓语动词”

The silence was suddenly broken when a large car, with its headlights on and its horn blaring, roared down the arcade. It came to a stop outside the jeweller’s. One man stayed at the wheel while two others with black stockings over their faces jumped out and smashed the windows of the shop with iron bars.

宁静突然被打破，一辆大轿车亮着前灯，响着喇叭，呼啸着冲进了拱廊街，在珠宝店门口停了下来。一人留在驾驶座上，另外两个用黑色长筒丝袜蒙住脸的人跳下车来。他们用铁棒把商店橱窗玻璃砸碎。

主题二颜色词黑白灰的文化讨论

第7课：

When you rescued your trousers, did you find the note was whiter than white?

当你把裤子抢救出来的时候，你有没有发现那张纸币已经变得比白纸还白？

分析：一句颇为经典的洗衣粉广告用语

1. 西方人眼中的白色

A white lie is an innocent lie told out of politeness. 白色谎言

White noise白色噪音

White-collar workers：those who work in offices, as opposed to blue-collar workers, who work with their hands in factories or workshops. 白领工人

A white paper is an authoritative report on a major issue by a team of experts; a government report outlining policy. 白皮书

a white Christmas 来描写银装素裹的美丽圣诞节

the White House 美国白宫

2.西方人眼中的黑色

Ablacklist is a list of undesirable persons or entities 黑名单

A black mood is a bad one 糟糕的心情

The black sheep of the family is the never-do-well. 害群之马

Black market is used to denote the trade of illegal goods 黑市

Blackmail is the act of threatening someone to do something that would hurt them in some way 敲诈

黑天鹅Black Swan

3. 西方人眼中的灰色

According to color historian Eva Heller,“grey is too weak to be considered masculine, but too menacing to be considered a feminine color. It is neither warm nor cold, neither material or spiritual. With grey, nothing seems to be decided.”

1）不确定性

gray area: It exists in a grey area between legal and illegal.

sth. fall in a gray area = sth. fall between two stools

2）老年的、年长的

gray dollar: the purchasing power of the elderly

gray vote

3）两面性

Fifty Shades of Grey：Christian Grey

The Picture of Dorian Gray：Dorian Gray—>奥斯卡王尔德 Oscar Wilde

课后挑战答案

课后挑战1：

1. He came towards me witha smile.

2. This meeting is of great importance.

3. The project is under discussion..

4. The path zigzags through the village, across the plain and up the mountain.

课后挑战2：

He is a good talker, but not a good listener.

课后挑战3：

答案：1）He is hungry for power.

            2)  He has a hunger for power.

课后综合挑战答案：

The silence was suddenly broken when a large car, with its headlights on and its horn blaring, roared down the arcade. It came to a stop outside the jeweller’s. One man stayed at the wheel while two others with black stockings overtheir faces jumped out and smashed the windows of the shop with iron bars.