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非限制性定语从句 

1.  定语从句难在什么地方？

1）连接词：关系代词(who, whom, whose, which, that)和关系副词(when, why, where)

2）介词前置的定语从句

3）奇葩小众的异类分子：并列行定语从句和双重嵌套形定语从句

2.  换位思考看待定语从句

1）定从的结构

2）定从的容量

3）定从众多的连接词说明什么？

4）带有介词前置的定语从句体现了什么？

3. 非限制性定语从句的3个名字

4.英语中定语的分类：

1）按照“位置”分类

2）按照“限制性”分类

5.限制性定语的功能：美化修饰＋甜蜜束缚

1）关于一只苹果：an apple

the apple that I am eating

限制性定语从句就是它的ID Card, 它的身份证。

The man has not been seen for days. （Which man??）

The man who lives in this house has not been seen for days. (指代清晰)

6. 非限制性定语从句的功能：补充信息＋无束缚

China, which is one of the largest countries in the world,enjoys a long history of civilization.

中国，世界上最大的的国家之一，享有悠久的文明史。

给先行词提供“追加信息”、“额外信息”，并不是“身份标志型信息”。

（女王范儿的先行词对从句说：爱留留，不爱留滚，缺你不缺。）

7.非限制性定语从句的书写规范要点，以及口语中的注意点

China, (which is one of the largest countries in the world,) enjoys a long history of civilization.

8. 关于非限制性定语从句的先行词

1）先行词本来就是独一无二的概念

The famous Monastery of St. Bernard, which was founded in the eleventh century, lies about a mile away.

11世纪建造的著名的圣伯纳德修道院位于离山口1英里远的地方。

2）先行词在上下文中的指代已经清晰

例一：These friendly dogs, which were first brought from Asia, were used as watchdogs even in Roman times. 这些最先从亚洲引进的狗，待人友好，早在罗马时代就给人当看门狗了。

For hundreds of years, St. Bernard dogs have saved the lives of travellers crossing the dangerous Pass. These friendly dogs,which were first brought from Asia, were used as watchdogs even in Roman times.

几百年来，圣伯纳德修道院养的狗拯救了许多翻越这道山口的旅游者的生命。这些最先从亚洲引进的狗，待人友好，早在罗马时代就给人当看门狗了。

3）在没有上下文的情况下，如何来解读限制性和非限制性定语从句？

a. My sister, who lives in Taiwan, is a doctor.

b. My sister who lives in Taiwan is a doctor.

转化为中文时需要注意：

a.我姐姐是医生，她住在台湾。（补充信息放在主句后面）

b. 我那位住台湾的姐姐是一名医生。（限制性信息放在先行词前面）

课后挑战

1）The only regular visitors to the monastery in winter are parties of skiers who go there at Christmas and Easter. These young people, who love the peace of the mountains, always receive a warm welcome at St. Bernard’s monastery.

2）I met a man and a woman yesterday. The woman, who had a thick French accent, was very pretty."

3）I met two women yesterday, one with a thick French accent and one with a mild Italian one. The woman who had the thick French accent was very pretty."