6月22日午间双语新闻：Keep positive！消极思维或增加痴呆风险

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Researchers discovered that two specific factors - having a high-stress job and low control over one's work - are correlated with higher mortality rates. Over 3,000 Americans were tracked in a survey, which found that those with high-stress, low-control jobs were 43% more likely to die than those in lower-risk categories. 
研究人员发现高压力的工作和缺乏自主权的工作这两个特定因素与更高的死亡率有关。研究人员对3000多名美国人进行了追踪调查，发现那些工作压力大、自主权低的人比工作压力小、自主权高的人死亡率高出43%。

The point is not that everyone should quit their jobs in terror. Rather, those with influence over employees' work experience - like company heads and managers - should do as much as possible to increase workers' feelings of autonomy, especially for workers in high-stress jobs, according to Erik Gonzalez-Mulé, an assistant professor at the University of Indiana's Kelley School of Business, who co-authored the study. 
研究报告的合著者、印第安纳大学凯莱商学院的助理教授埃里克·冈萨雷斯-穆勒说，重点不是让大家惊恐地辞职，而是那些对员工的工作体验有影响力的人——比如公司领导和经理——应该尽可能提高员工的自主感，尤其是那些工作压力大的员工。

Gonzalez-Mulé says one comparatively simple option is to allow people to decide where to work, whether that's from home or, in former times, from a café or other non-office workspace.
冈萨雷斯-穆勒说，一个相对简单的选择是，允许员工自行决定工作地点，无论是在家，还是像过去那样在咖啡馆或其他非办公室的场所。

重点词汇
1、correlate （with）
英 /ˈkɒrəleɪt/  美 /ˈkɔːrəleɪt/ 
vi. 关联
vt. 使…相互关联；互相有关系
n. 相关物；相关联的人

2、comparatively
英 /kəmˈpærətɪvli/  美 /kəmˈpærətɪvli/ 
adv. 比较地；相当地

Kids more prepared against virus
常感冒儿童新冠症状轻

Children may be protected from coronavirus because they catch so many colds, scientists have suggested. Figures from the Office for National Statistics suggest children are just as likely to pick up the virus, but few ever develop serious disease, or even show symptoms. 
科学家指出，儿童经常感冒可能会保护他们免受新冠病毒的伤害。英国国家统计局的数据显示，儿童和大人一样容易感染新冠病毒，但是发展成重症的儿童没有多少，有些甚至没有表现出症状。

Now scientists have suggested that children may be resistant because their immune systems are already well primed by the common cold. The common cold is caused by four different types of coronavirus that circulate in the community and are largely harmless. But while adults pick up a cold around two to four times a year, school age children catch an average of 12 colds annually, studies have shown. 
现在科学家指出，儿童对新冠病毒可能有抵抗力，因为普通感冒已经让他们的免疫系统做好了充分准备。普通感冒是由社区中流行的四种不同的冠状病毒引起的，大部分都是无害的。但是研究显示，成年人每年大约感冒两到四次，学龄儿童每年平均感冒12次。

Professor Sir John Bell, Regius Professor of Medicine, University of Oxford told the House of Lords Science and Technology Select Committee, that it may allow youngsters to build up some ongoing resistance that adults do not have. "How you respond may be due to the state of your existing immunity to coronaviruses generally," he told peers.
牛津大学医药学钦定讲座教授约翰·贝尔爵士告诉上议院科学技术特别委员会说，这可能会让儿童建立起成年人没有的抵抗力。他告诉同行说："你对病毒的反应可能取决于你对冠状病毒群体的现有免疫力状况。"

重点词汇
1、symptoms
英 /ˈsɪmptəms/  美 /ˈsɪmptəms/ 
n. [临床] 症状；症候；征兆

Negativity raises dementia risk

消极思维增加痴呆风险

Persistently engaging in negative thinking patterns may raise the risk of Alzheimer's disease, finds a new University College London-led study. In the study of people aged over 55, published in Alzheimer's & Dementia, researchers found "repetitive negative thinking" is linked to subsequent cognitive decline as well as the deposition of harmful brain proteins linked to Alzheimer's. 
伦敦大学学院带头开展的一项新研究显示，长期沉浸于消极思维模式可能提高患阿尔茨海默病的风险。这项研究发表在《阿尔茨海默病与痴呆症》杂志上，以55岁以上人群为调查目标。研究发现，"反复消极思维"可能会引发日后的认知能力下降以及和阿兹海默症有关的有害脑蛋白的沉积。

Lead author Dr Natalie Marchant, UCL psychiatry, said: "Depression and anxiety in mid-life and old age are already known to be risk factors for dementia. Here, we found that certain thinking patterns implicated in depression and anxiety could be an underlying reason why people with those disorders are more likely to develop dementia. We hope that our findings could be used to develop strategies to lower people's risk of dementia by helping them to reduce their negative thinking patterns." 
该研究的首席作者、伦敦大学学院精神病学的娜塔莉·马钱特博士说："我们已经知道，抑郁和焦虑是引发中老年人患痴呆症的风险因素。在这项研究中，我们发现抑郁症和焦虑症患者常有的某些思维模式可能是这些人更容易患上痴呆症的背后原因。我们希望我们的研究结果可以被用来制定策略，通过帮助人们减少消极思维模式来降低患痴呆症的风险。"

重点词汇

1、repetitive 
英 /rɪˈpetətɪv/  美 /rɪˈpetətɪv/ 
adj. 重复的；重复 (因而乏味的)

2、psychiatry
英 /saɪˈkaɪətri/  美 /saɪˈkaɪətri/ 
n. 精神病学；精神病治疗法

3、dementia
英 /dɪˈmenʃə/  美 /dɪˈmenʃə/ 
n. [内科] 痴呆
复数 dementias

4、 implicate （in）
英 /ˈɪmplɪkeɪt/  美 /ˈɪmplɪkeɪt/ 
vt. 使卷入；涉及；暗指；影响

5、underlying
英 /ˌʌndəˈlaɪɪŋ/  美 /ˌʌndərˈlaɪɪŋ/
adj. 潜在的；根本的；在下面的；优先的
v. 放在…的下面；为…的基础；优先于（underlie的ing形式）

Vaccine shows promising results

新冠疫苗临床试验揭盲

China has unveiled the results of the phase 1 and phase 2 clinical trials of an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine candidate, which shows promising results in both safety and efficacy, according to the China National Pharmaceutical Group (Sinopharm). 
中国医药集团有限公司(国药集团)称，由国药中国生物武汉生物制品研究所研制的新冠灭活疫苗临床I/II期试验揭盲，在安全性和有效性方面的结果均振奋人心。

The vaccine, developed by the Wuhan Institute of Biological Products under the China National Biotec Group (CNBG) affiliated to Sinopharm, involved 1,120 volunteers aged between 18 and 59 in its clinical trials, which started on April 12. The results revealed a good safety record, with no cases of severe adverse effects found in the clinical trials. The vaccine receivers inoculated with two injections in different procedures and doses have all produced high titers of antibodies. 
这款疫苗于4月12日启动临床试验，共有1120名年龄在18-59岁的受试者参与其中。结果显示，疫苗接种后安全性好、无一严重不良反应，不同程序、不同剂量接种后，疫苗组接种者均产生高滴度抗体。

The CNBG is actively promoting overseas cooperation in the phase 3 clinical trial of the vaccine and has secured the intention of cooperation of several companies and research institutions from other countries.
中国生物正积极推进Ⅲ期临床的海外合作，与多个国家的企业及研究机构确定了合作意向。

重点词汇
1、affiliate （to）
英 /əˈfɪlieɪt/  美 /əˈfɪlieɪt/ 
v. （使）附属，隶属；加入，加盟，并入；接纳；紧密联系
n. 分支机构；子公司；分社；联号

2、 inoculate （with）
英 /ɪˈnɒkjuleɪt/  美 /ɪˈnɑːkjuleɪt/ 
vt. [医]  给...预防接种；嫁接；灌输

重点单词怎么读？

No.1 comparatively
Gonzalez-Mulé says one comparatively simple option is to allow people to decide where to work, whether that's from home or, in former times, from a café or other non-office workspace.

No.2 repetitive
In the study of people aged over 55, published in Alzheimer's & Dementia, researchers found "repetitive negative thinking" is linked to subsequent cognitive decline as well as the deposition of harmful brain proteins linked to Alzheimer's. 

No.3 dementia
Lead author Dr Natalie Marchant, UCL psychiatry, said: "Depression and anxiety in mid-life and old age are already known to be risk factors for dementia.

No.4 inoculate
The vaccine receivers inoculated with two injections in different procedures and doses have all produced high titers of antibodies. 

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