英语四级单词CET4(4951-4980)|每天打卡,跟我背单词

4951. retailer：/ˈriː.teɪ.lər/ n.零售商；零售店【The company is a retailer of office equipment and furniture. 这家公司是办公设备和家具的零售商。】

4952. bypass：/ˈbaɪ.pɑːs/，/ˈbaɪ.pæs/ v.绕过；绕…走；避开【We took the road that bypasses the town. 我们选择了绕过城镇的道路。// Interstate 8 bypasses the town to the north. 8号州际公路向北绕过城镇。】；忽视；置…于不顾；越过【They bypassed the committee and went straight to senior management. 他们越过委员会，直接找高级管理层。】；n.（给心脏接旁通管的）搭桥手术，分流术【a triple bypass operation 冠状动脉三重搭桥手术】；（绕过村镇的）旁路，旁道，外环路【A new bypass around the city is being built. 一条新的绕城环路正在建设当中。】

4953. descend：/dɪˈsend/ v.下降；走下；降下【The path descended steeply into the valley. 这条路很陡，一直通到山谷。// She descended the stairs. 她走下了楼梯。】；（夜晚、黑暗、情绪等) 降临；来临【Night descends quickly in the tropics. 热带地区黑夜来得快。// Calm descended on the crowd. 人群平静下来。】；（不好的感觉）遍布，蔓延， (情绪、气氛等)降临，笼罩【An uneasy calm descended on the area... 一种令人不安的平静笼罩了该地区。】； 陷入(糟糕境地)【He was ultimately overthrown and the country descended into chaos. 他最终被推翻，整个国家则陷入了混乱。】；降低身份；堕落；沦落【We're not going to descend to such methods...我们不会沦落到使用这种手段。】

4954. descendant：/dɪˈsen.dənt/ n.子孙，后代【He has no descendants. 他没有后代。// They claim to be descendants of a French duke. 他们自称是一位法国公爵的后代。// We owe it to our descendants to leave them a clean world to live in. 给子孙后代留下一个清洁的生活环境是我们的职责。】

4955. descent：/dɪˈsent/ n.血缘关系，家族关系；祖先；出身【She's a woman of mixed descent. 她是一个混血女人。// They trace their line of descent back to a French duke. 他们的先人可以追溯到一位法国公爵。】；不期而至，突然到达【We weren't prepared for the descent of thousands of journalists on the town. 我们没想到数千名记者会突然来到镇上。】；下降，下落；下沉【The plane began (to make) its final descent into the airport. 飞机开始（做）最终下降，准备在机场着陆。// There is a steep descent (= way down, such as a path) to the village below. 有一条很陡的路通向下面的村庄。】；堕落，蜕变【His descent into crime was rapid. 他很快就堕落到犯罪的地步。】

4956. insight：/ˈɪn.saɪt/ n.洞察力；深刻见解；领悟，洞悉【It was an interesting book, full of fascinating insights into human relationships. 这是一本有趣的书，充满了对人际关系独到的见解。// The article gives us a real insight into the causes of the present economic crisis. 这篇文章使我们对当前经济危机的原因有了真正的了解。】

4957. insightful：/ˈɪn.saɪtfəl/ ，/ɪnˈsaɪtfəl/ adj.有深刻了解的；富有洞察力的【an insightful analysis 有见地的分析 或 精辟的分析 // She offered some really interesting, insightful observations.  她给出了一些非常有趣又富有洞察力的评论。】

4958. flexibility：/ˌfleksəˈbɪləti/ n.柔韧性；灵活性；弹性；适应性【Stretching exercises will help your flexibility. 伸展运动有助于你的柔韧性。】

4959. ethic：/ˈeθɪk/ n.行为准则，伦理；（尤指）道德体系，道德规范【The ethics of journalism are much debated. 新闻业的职业道德问题是个广受讨论的问题。// He said he was bound by a scientist's code of ethics. 他说他受到科学家的道德准则的约束。】

4960. rewarding：/rɪˈwɔ:dɪŋ/ adj.值得做的；有意义的【Is it a rewarding job? 干这份工作有意义吗？ // Teaching can be a very rewarding career. 教书是一项非常有意义的职业。】

4961. dropout：/ˈdrɒp.aʊt/ n.辍学者，退学者；（与众不同的）怪人【a high school dropout高中辍学者 // a college dropout 大学肄业生 // He was a loner and a dropout. 他是个独来独往的怪人。】

4962. adequately：/ˈædɪkwətli/ adv.充分地；足够地；适当地【Many students are not adequately prepared for higher education. 许多学生并未做好接受高等教育的充分准备。// I speak the language adequately. 我这门语言说得不错。// They felt slighted by not being adequately consulted. 没有充分征求他们的意见，这让他们感到被冷落了。】

4963. marathon：/ˈmærəθən/， /ˈmerəθɑːn/ n.马拉松赛跑（全长42.195公里）【She did/ran her first marathon in just under three hours. 她首次参加马拉松比赛，就在3个小时内跑完了全程。】；马拉松式的活动，持久的活动【The election broadcast, a nine-hour marathon, lasts until seven o'clock in the morning. 长达9个小时的马拉松式选举报道一直持续到早上7点。】；adj.马拉松的【a marathon runner 马拉松运动员】；马拉松式的（形容一件事耗费了很长时间，使人精疲力竭）【I had a marathon session marking 55 tests yesterday. 我昨天一连改了55份考卷。】

4964. nicety：/ˈnaɪ.səti/ n.细节；细微的差别【They spent a lot of time arguing about legal niceties. 他们花费了大量时间争论法律上的细节。// We don't bother with all the social niceties here. 我们略过这里的一切繁文缛节。】；微妙；精确；严密；仔细【the nicety of his argument 他那论证的精确严密】

4965. performer：/pəˈfɔːmə/ n.表演者；演出者；演员【He's a brilliant performer. 他是个出色的演员。】；表现得…者；做得…者【The British boat was the star performer in the race. 英国赛船在比赛中是佼佼者。// He was a poor performer at school and left with no qualifications. 他在校学习成绩不好，没有毕业就离开学校。】

4966. qualitative：/ˈkwɒlitətiv/ ，/ˈkwɑːləteɪtiv/ adj.质量的；性质的【Is there any qualitative difference between these two laptops? 这两台笔记本在质量上有差别吗？】；质的，性质上的【There has been a qualitative change in the relationship between the public and the government. 民众和政府之间的关系有了质的改变。】

4967. regretful：/rɪˈɡretfəl/ adj.懊悔的；遗憾的；惋惜的【a regretful goodbye 遗憾的告别 /a regretful glance 怅然的一瞥 /a regretful smile 充满歉意的微笑 // Surprisingly, she didn't feel nervous, or regretful about her actions.  令人惊讶的是，她并没有对她的行为感到紧张或后悔。】

4968. regrettable：/rɪˈɡretə.bəl/ adj.使人悔恨的；令人遗憾的；不幸的；可悲的【a most/deeply regrettable mistake 令人深感懊悔的错误 // It's regrettable that classical music receives so little attention. 遗憾的是，古典音乐受到的关注如此之少。】

4969. seniority：/ˌsiːniˈɒrəti/ ，/si:nˈjɔ:rəti/ n.资历【In future, promotion will be based on merit not seniority. 以后晋升要看业绩而非资历】；年长；级别高【I suppose I was impressed by his seniority. 我觉得他的高级别给我留下了很深的印象。】

4970. trailer：/ˈtreɪ.lər/ n.拖车；挂车【The car was pulling a trailer with a motorcycle on it. 这辆汽车拖着一辆挂车，挂车上面载着一辆摩托车。】；旅行拖车；(拖车式)活动房屋；（影视节目、广播的）预告片【I saw a trailer for the new series of "Game of Thrones" last night. 我昨晚看了新一季《权力的游戏》的预告片。】

4971. tragic：/ˈtrædʒɪk/ adj.哀痛的；悲惨的【Lillian Board’s death at 22 was a tragic loss for British athletics. Lillian Board 22岁时去世，对英国体育界来说是一个悲惨的损失。】；悲剧的【During his acting career, he has played all Shakespeare's great tragic heroes. 在他的演员生涯中，他扮演过莎士比亚戏剧中所有著名的悲剧主人公。】

4972. tragically：/ˈtrædʒɪkli/ adv.悲惨地【Tragically, she never saw the completed building because she died before it was finished...可叹的是，她在大楼竣工前就去世了，无缘见到它的落成。// Tragically, the side-effects of the drug were not discovered until many people had been seriously damaged by it. 可悲的是，直到许多人受到严重伤害后，才发现这种药物的副作用。】

4973. validate：/ˈvælɪdeɪt/，/ˈvælədeɪt/ v.（尤指经检查后）批准，认可，使生效【The data is validated automatically by the computer after it has been entered. 数据输入后，计算机会自动识别其有效性。// It is a one-year course validated by London's City University. 这是由伦敦城市大学批准设立的一年制课程。】；证实…是对的【He feels that today's economic problems validate his opposition to the policy. 他觉得目前的经济问题说明他反对这项政策是对的。】

4974. validity：/vəˈlɪdəti/ n.(法律上的)有效，合法性；(正式的)认可【Shocked by the results of the elections, they now want to challenge the validity of the vote. 选举结果令他们很震惊，他们现在要对选举的可信性提出质疑。// The period of validity of the agreement has expired. 本协议的有效期已过。】；符合逻辑；正当；正确【This research seems to give some validity to the theory that the drug might cause cancer. 这项研究似乎为这种药物可能致癌的理论提供了一些依据。 // Not for one moment did he doubt the validity of those ideas. 他一刻也不怀疑这些想法的正确性。】

4975. whereas：/weərˈæz/，/werˈæz/ conj.尽管；但是；却（用以比较或对比两个事实，语气比较强，是比较正式的用法 ）【He must be about 60, whereas his wife looks about 30. 他肯定有60岁上下了，可他妻子看起来只有30岁左右。// You eat a huge plate of food for lunch, whereas I have just a sandwich. 你午饭吃了一大盘东西，可我只吃了个三明治。// We thought she was arrogant, whereas she was just very shy. 我们认为她很傲慢，而她只是很害羞。】

4976. transplant：/trænˈsplɑːnt/ v.移植，移栽；（使）移居【The plants should be grown indoors until spring, when they can be transplanted outside. 这些植物应该先种在室内，到了春天就可以移栽到外面。】；n. / ˈtrænsplɑːnt/ 移植，（尤指器官的移植）【transplant surgery 移植手术 // He had a heart transplant. 他接受过心脏移植。】；移植物；（尤指）移植器官【His body accepted the transplant. 他的身体对移植器官没有出现排斥反应。】

4977. transplantation：/ˌtræn.splaːnˈteɪ.ʃən/ n.转移【Plants must be strong enough to survive transplantation. 植物要足够强壮才能在移植的时候存活下来。】；器官移植【organ transplantation 器官移植 // Transplantation of organs from living donors raises ethical issues. 移植活人捐献的器官引发出一些伦理问题。】

4978. setback：/ˈsetbæk/ n.挫折；障碍【There has been a slight setback in our plans. 我们的计划遭到了一点挫折。// The project suffered a setback because its director was absent on paternity leave. 这个项目因其主管休陪产假而受挫 <这里的paternity leave  指父亲照顾新生儿的休假，陪产假>】

4979. preach：/priːtʃ/ v.（尤指牧师在教堂中）讲道，布道；竭力劝说，竭力鼓吹【They preach the abolition of established systems but propose nothing to replace them. 他们竭力鼓吹废除现行体制，但没有提出取代方案。】；告诫；（尤指道德）说教【My mother's always preaching at/to me about keeping my room tidy. 我母亲老是告诫我保持房间整洁。】

4980. preacher：/ˈpriːtʃə/ n.传道士，牧师