No Worry About Cancer From Cellphones

Two United States government studies of cellphone radiation have found a weak link to an increased risk of cancer in animals.

美国政府对手机辐射的两项研究发现，动物患癌症的风险增加与手机辐射有微弱联系。

But government officials and scientists are telling cellphone users not to worry. They say it is safe to use your mobile device.

但政府官员和科学家告诉手机用户不要担心。他们说使用你的移动设备是安全的。

Earlier studies of cellphone users had found little reason for concern.

早先对手机用户的研究没有发现什么值得担心的地方。

The latest research took a close look at the effects of very high radiation levels in animals to answer some questions that could not be tested on human subjects.

最新的研究仔细观察了动物体内极高辐射水平的影响，以回答一些人类无法测试的问题。

In one study, researchers left cellphones in an area with rats. The researchers say radiation from the devices may have been responsible for a small increase in an unusual form of heart tumor in male rats. Yet there were no big problems in female rats or in a separate study of mice.

在一项研究中，研究人员把手机放在有老鼠的地方。研究人员说，这些装置发出的辐射可能是导致雄性大鼠一种不寻常形式的心脏肿瘤小幅增加的原因。然而，在雌性大鼠身上或在另一项对小鼠的研究中没有大的问题。

The Associated Press (AP) says the scientists could not find strong evidence for concern about brain tumors.

美联社（美联社）说，科学家们找不到强有力的证据证明他们担心脑瘤。

Reaction to the findings

对调查结果的反应

John Bucher is with the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. He was the lead writer of the report on the study. He told the AP he is not changing his cellphone use or asking his family to.

约翰·布彻是国家环境健康科学研究所的一员。他是这项研究报告的主要作者。他告诉美联社，他不会改变自己的手机使用方式，也不会要求家人这样做。

Otis Brawley is the American Cancer Society's chief medical officer. After reading the studies, he said, "I am actually holding my cellphone up to my ear."

奥蒂斯·布劳利是美国癌症协会的首席医疗官。读完研究报告后，他说：“我实际上是把手机举到耳边。”

The rat and mice studies are not the same as real-life cellphone use, he noted.

他指出，老鼠的研究与现实生活中的手机使用不同。

John Bucher said the findings of the rare nerve-tissue tumor found in the hearts of male rats does not mean humans should be worried.

约翰·布彻说，在雄性大鼠心脏中发现的罕见神经组织肿瘤并不意味着人类应该担心。

His agency carried out a $25 million study for the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which quickly said cellphones are safe.

他的机构为美国食品和药物管理局（fda）进行了一项2500万美元的研究，fda很快表示手机是安全的。

Bucher said average cellphone use is "very, very, very much lower than what we studied."

布彻说，手机的平均使用量“比我们研究的要低得多。”

High radiation levels

高辐射水平

He told reporters the rats and mice were exposed to the radiation for nine hours a day and for a period of up to two years. The radiation levels were so high that humans would only experience it for a short time.

他告诉记者，这些老鼠每天要接受9小时的辐射，辐射时间长达两年。辐射水平很高，人类只会经历很短的时间。

He said, "At best, it might be a weak carcinogen ... if, in fact, it is a carcinogen."

他说，“最多，它可能是一种弱致癌物……如果事实上是致癌物。”

For some unknown reason, the rats exposed to the radiation lived longer than the non-radiated rats. Bucher said that could be just chance, or it could be that the radiation reduced the risk of a rat disease.

不知什么原因，暴露在辐射下的大鼠比未暴露在辐射下的大鼠寿命长。布彻说，这可能只是个机会，也可能是辐射降低了老鼠患病的风险。

The program released early test results two years ago. The earlier report showed a small risk of increased brain tumors in male rats. However, the final results were unable to confirm that.

该项目两年前公布了早期测试结果。早期的报告显示雄性大鼠脑肿瘤增加的风险很小。不过，最终结果无法证实这一点。

Other changes noted

注意到的其他变化

The new rat study found evidence for increases in damage to DNA, brain tumors and a few other cancers, but it was not clear that it was related to the cellphones.

这项新的大鼠研究发现，DNA、脑瘤和其他一些癌症的损伤增加，但尚不清楚这与手机有关。

"Evidence of DNA damage was seen in some tissues of some animals," Bucher said. He added that he didn't have the evidence to comment on its biological importance.

布彻说：“在一些动物的一些组织中发现了DNA损伤的证据。他补充说，他没有证据来评论它的生物学重要性。

Still, it was surprising that the animals did experience other effects, even if they were not at high enough levels to be important, said Leeka Kheifets. 

尽管如此，令人惊讶的是，这些动物确实经历了其他的影响，即使它们的水平还不够高，不足以发挥重要作用，Leeka Kheifets说。

She is an epidemiology professor at the University of California, Los Angeles. She is also the former head of radiation studies for the World Health Organization.

她是洛杉矶加利福尼亚大学的流行病学教授。她还是世界卫生组织前辐射研究主管。

"There is some concern that there is so much activity going on," she said. But "it's not like the sky is falling, a huge effect."

她说：“有人担心有这么多活动正在进行。但“这不像是天上掉下来了，一个巨大的影响。”

The findings failed to satisfy those concerned about cellphone radiation, like David Carpenter. 

这一发现未能满足那些像大卫·卡彭特（david carpenter）这样关注手机辐射的人的需求。

He is the head of environmental health at the State University of New York in Albany. He said the studies were not large enough to uncover some rare problems and that the findings about brain tumors "cannot be dismissed."

他是奥尔巴尼纽约州立大学环境卫生系主任。他说，这些研究规模不够大，无法揭示一些罕见的问题，有关脑瘤的发现“不能被否定”。

"It's not anywhere near as dangerous as cigarettes," Carpenter said. But he added that there is a real danger from continual use of a cellphone.

卡彭特说：“它没有香烟那么危险。”但他补充说，持续使用手机确实存在危险。

In 2011, a working group of the International Agency for Research on Cancer said cellphones could possibly cause cancer. But many studies over the years have found little evidence of a problem.

2011年，国际癌症研究机构的一个工作组表示，手机可能致癌。但多年来的许多研究几乎没有发现任何问题的证据。