Three Out of Four Children Experience Violence

Each year nearly three out of four children around the world experience some kind of violence.

每年全世界近四分之三的儿童都会遭受某种暴力。

A new report confirms that finding and another troubling development: Childhood violence is linked with violence against women. Children who see their mother being abused are more likely to be abused as an adult or become abusers themselves. 

一份新的报告证实了这一发现和另一个令人不安的发展：儿童暴力与对妇女的暴力行为有关。看到母亲受到虐待的儿童长大后更有可能受到虐待，或自己成为虐待者。

The report is called "Ending Violence in Childhood: Global Report 2017."

这份报告被称为“结束童年暴力：2017年全球报告”。

The study was prepared for a children's rights group called Know Violence in Childhood. The organization was launched in India three years ago.

这项研究是为一个名为“了解儿童暴力”的儿童权利组织准备的。该组织三年前在印度成立。

The study found that childhood violence happens nearly everywhere -- in rich and poor countries alike. It affects an estimated 1.7 billion children every year.

这项研究发现，儿童暴力几乎无处不在——无论是在富国还是穷国。据估计，每年有17亿儿童受到影响。

This violence includes fighting or bullying -- the mistreatment or abuse of someone by a stronger or more powerful individual. 

这种暴力包括打架或欺凌——一个更强大或更强大的个人对某人的虐待或虐待。

It can also include sexual abuse, sexual violence and physical punishment, both at home and in school. 

它还可以包括性虐待、性暴力和体罚，无论是在家里还是在学校。

The researchers did not include violence from war and other events.

研究人员没有将战争和其他事件中的暴力行为包括在内。

Ramya Subrahmanian is executive director of Know Violence in Childhood. 

拉米娅·苏布拉曼尼亚是《童年暴力》的执行导演。

She said that children experience emotional and physical punishment at young ages -- some from as early as two years of age.

她说，孩子们在很小的时候就经历了情感和身体上的惩罚，有些甚至是从两岁开始。

She adds that violence is a learned behavior that comes from deep, long-held cultural values. For example, in some societies, beating is a form of discipline.

她补充说，暴力是一种后天习得的行为，源于根深蒂固的文化价值观。例如，在一些社会中，殴打是一种纪律。

Economic cost of childhood violence

儿童暴力的经济代价

The researchers say there is also an economic cost to society when children experience violence. 

研究人员说，当儿童遭受暴力时，社会也会付出经济代价。

They found that children who experience violence at home are more likely to miss school or even leave school and never return. They are less likely to get an education and succeed in life. 

他们发现，在家中遭遇暴力的孩子更容易失学，甚至离开学校，再也不会回来。他们不太可能接受教育并在生活中取得成功。

Know Violence in Childhood reports that up to 8% of the world's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is spent on repairing the damage caused by childhood violence. 

《了解儿童暴力》报道说，世界国内生产总值（GDP）的8%用于修复儿童暴力造成的损害。

GDP is usually defined as the total value of all goods and services. The report notes that even with such a high cost, governments fail to invest in policies that could stop the causes of childhood violence.

gdp通常被定义为所有商品和服务的总价值。报告指出，即使付出如此高昂的代价，各国政府也未能投资于能够制止儿童暴力根源的政策。

The group's website explores ways to end the violence.

该组织的网站探索结束暴力的方法。

It reports that experts say the first step is to speak out about violence against children. 

据报道，专家们说，第一步是公开谈论对儿童的暴力行为。

Keeping silent only increases the chance that violence will continue. The experts also say that it is important to educate caregivers and empower children to be strong and resilient. 

保持沉默只会增加暴力继续下去的机会。专家们还说，重要的是要教育照顾者，并赋予儿童坚强和适应力。

The report says that anti-violence education needs to be included in school systems, community programs and in health services. 

报告说，反暴力教育需要包括在学校系统、社区计划和卫生服务中。