3册-010*******************************

一. 词汇篇 

1. background

Diamond necklaces and rings had been beautifully arranged on a background of black velvet.钻石项链、钻石戒指漂亮地陈列在黑色丝绒上面。

2. rescue

When you rescuedyour trousers, did you find the note was whiter than white? 

当你把裤子抢救出来时，你有没有发现那张纸币已经变得比白纸还白？

回忆：save, rescue, salvage以及redeem四个表示“拯救”的动词。

复习：rescue具体用法。

“救援队”—> a rescue team，而非a saving team

“救援狗”—> rescue dogs, 而非saving dog

“救援计划”时—>a rescue mission，而非a saving mission.

作为动词时通常可以与save互换。

思考：课文中的那个rescue可否换成save呢？

3. famous

回忆：famous, renowned, infamous, notorious及obscure5个与“著名”相关的形容词。

复习：famous和renowned

famous—>“知名度”，“辨识度”

renowned—>“知名度”，“受人尊重、受人推崇”

special quality and achievement

famous更强调外力，renowned则指向内功。

A famous person is not necessarily a renowned person, but a renowned person must be famous.

4. 大大的“吸引力”

回忆：fascinating, engrossing, absorbing, intriguing, captivating以及gripping.

复习：gripping

grip v. —> to grab or hold sth. tightly 紧紧握住或者抓住，比如

The little boy gripped his mother’s hand tightly. 小男孩紧紧抓住了妈妈的手。

引申含义：to get and hold the interest and attention of sb.

Agatha Christie’s stories have been gripping the readers for generations.

阿加莎克里斯提的小说系列已经牢牢锁住好几代读者。

gripping—>扣人心弦的

a gripping story that leaves you breathless

一则让你激动得忘记呼吸的精彩故事

5. titanica.: Having great size, or great strength, force or power.

回忆：colossal, titanic, gigantic, giant, enormous及immense.

复习：titanic.

希腊神话—>12位古老巨神Titans

思考：为什么titanic表示“巨大的”这个含义的用法，在现在英语中的出镜率很低？

Collective Memory—>集体记忆

二、句法语法篇 

1. 情态动词need的全新解读

1) need自带“温柔光环”

2) sth. needs to be done

借助被动语态的神力，不捅破做事人应该是谁，把话搁在那里，让听者自己拿捏。

3）祈语气的没落

2. 用“过去完成式”说出“言下之意”

回忆：我们在第六课中详述了“过去进行式”、“过去完成进行式”以及“过去完成式”三大过去时家族的时态。

复习：过去完成式

Shehad died by the time hearrived at the hospital.

他赶到医院的时候，她已经死了。

时间差孕育出某种言下之意—> 他连她最后一面都没见到的悔恨。

I said YES the moment she had invited me to her birthday party.

她邀请我去参加她的生日派对，我欣然答应。

read between the lines 看懂字里行间

read a little more into the text读透弦外之音

3.Given that …

回忆：now that…, considering that…, seeing that…, given that…, in that…, in light of…

复习：given that…

When evaluating this math problem, don't forget to read the givens.

这道数学题审题时，别忘了读一读已知条件。

1）given prep.

Giventhe current situation, I don't think that's possible.

就目前状况来看，我觉得那不太可能。

 Givenher interest in children, teaching seems the right job for her.

考虑到她喜欢孩子，教书看来是很适合她的工作。

2）given that… conj. 加上that之后，这个结构可以引导句子

Given that ordinary people are bombarded by all kinds of ads, selecting a suitable product is not that easy.

由于普通人被各种各样的广告狂轰滥炸，要选出合适的产品并不是一件轻而易举的事儿。

It was surprising the government was re-elected, given that they had raised taxes so much.

令人惊奇的是，该政府把税收提高这么多, 他们居然再次当选了。

4. not only…but (also)总结：6大注意点

当时给大家留了听记的空格，现在给到大家完整的6个条款：

A. not only…but (also) 用在句中时，常常连接两组在形式组合、语法地位上相同的表达式。

B. 当not only放在句中时，两个表达式的逻辑主语必须一致。

当not only…but also引导的前后逻辑主语不一致时，必须将not only放在句首, 并采用部分倒装。

C. not only放在句首出现时，需要将后面的句子进行部分倒装，即将助动词／情态动词／有动词have,has,had／be动词等放到主语之前，将核心动词放在主语之后。

D. 当not only…but (also)放在句中连接一对动词时，but (also) 后面的主语可省略; 但是，当not only放在句首，且连接一对动词时，不能省略第二个主语。

E. not only有时可以由not just替换，构成not just…but (also)结构，含义不变。但是当not only后面是动词时，不能换成not just.

5. as和though引导的倒装型让步状语从句

我们总结了4种基本模式：

1）名词＋as / though +主语+ 连系动词

原句：虽然她只是个孩子，她懂得帮助有需要的人。

 Even though / Although/Though he is a child, she knows to help those in need.

答案：Child as he is, she knows to help those in need.

或者Child though he is, she knows to help those in need.

2) 形容词+ as / though +主语+ 连系动词

Even though /Although / Though the necklace was beautiful, it was not my style.

虽然这条项链很漂亮，它不是我的风格。

答案：Beautiful as the necklace was, it was not my style.

或者Beautiful though the necklace was, it was not my style.

Even though / Although / Though it sounded stupid, I fell for that liar for a second time.

虽然听起来很蠢，但是我第二次相信了那个骗子。

改写：Stupid as it sounded, I fell for that liar for a second time.

或者Stupid though it sounded, I fell for that liar for a second time.

3)副词+ as / though + 主语+ 实意动词

He didn’t manage to solve the problem, even though/ although/ though he tried hard.

虽然很努力了，但他还是没能解决问题。

改写：He didn’t manage to solve the problem, hard as he tried.

原句：Even though / Although / Though I’d like to believe you very much, the truth cannot be ignored.

虽然我很想相信你，但是事实就是事实。

答案：Much as I’d like to believe you, the truth cannot be ignored.

4) 动词原形＋as/though +主语＋情态动词

Even though /Although / Though we may regret, we have to take our chance.

即使会后悔，我们也要搏一下。

答案：Regret as we may, we have to take our chance.

三、 语言现象篇 

1. 独立主格结构 The Nominative Absolute

新三第6课《打劫记》(Smash-and-Grab)

The silence was suddenly broken whena large car, withits headlights on andits horn blaring,roared down the arcade. 

宁静突然被打破，一辆大轿车亮着前灯，响着喇叭，呼啸着冲进了拱廊街。

2. 汉动英静

有一天John的生意很好，他把一只装有3000英镑的钱包放进微波炉里保存。

John had a very good day andput his walletcontaining 3000 poundsinto the microwave ovenfor safekeeping.

去年，我们针对21000起索赔要求支付了150万英镑。

Last year, we paid 1.5m poundson 21,000 claims.

中文里的动作—>英语中的其他词类，如名词、形容词、副词、介词、非谓语动词等。

3. 非限制性定语从句

外观: 可爱的逗号将从句和主句分隔开。

内容:非限制性定语从句与先行词之间是提供补充信息的关系; 而限制性定语从句和先行词之间是“身份指认”的关系，所以没了定从，先行词的设定就会崩塌，陷入“知不所指”的泥潭。

4. 强调手段阶段总结

1)语音语调

2)印刷／书写手段

3)词汇手段

4)语法手段

5)句法手段

6)修辞手段：曲言法

5. 比喻修辞（动物篇）

动物词汇蕴含着丰富的文化信息cultural messages, 是民族文化的重要组成部分。通过英汉动物喻体内涵的比对，我们可以清楚看到，这些动物已经超越了单纯anmials的范畴，而是借助比喻的修辞手法上升到了文化符号的高度。所以，对它们的准确理解和恰当使用，是我们第二语言学习者的重要学习课题。