3册-010**************************

听前小Tips:

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4.英语入门，建议学习：不一样的新概念【第1辑】英语精进、提升，建议学习：不一样的新概念【第4辑】

文化主题一：比喻修辞法（动物篇）

文化主题二：船只代词的性别现象

文化主题一 比喻修辞法（动物篇）

第10课：

The titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense wall of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her.

泰坦尼克号这个弯拐得及时，紧贴着高出海面100英尺的巨大冰墙擦过去。

wall of ice —> 冰墙

比喻用得好，文笔差不了。

通用比喻VS特指比喻

A.动物的通用比喻

as sly as a fox 像狐狸一样狡猾

as light as a feather 轻如鸿毛

He began reading when he was knee-high to a grasshopper. 

他很小的时候就开始阅读了。

“只恐双溪舴zé艋měng舟，载不动许多愁。”－李清照

B.动物的特指比喻

a. 猫头鹰 owl

汉文化：不祥，“夜猫子进宅，无凶不来”。

西方主流文化：雅典娜Athena标志—> 猫头鹰

as wise as an owl

像猫头鹰一样智慧

as grave as an owl

像猫头鹰一般庄严

b. 龙 dragon

西方文化：邪恶的代表，狰狞的怪兽。

《圣经》

dragon—> A fierce and unpleasant woman; a harridan.

She’s a bit of a dragon. 她有点母夜叉的范儿。

英国著名作家J.R.R.Tolkien 托尔金：《魔戒》系列

JK Rowling：哈利波特

美国作家Geroge Martin：《冰与火之歌》

以dragon命名的小说人物：Draco Malfoy 

爱尔兰著名作家Bram Stoker：恐怖小说Drcula（1897）

主角Count Dracula 德库拉伯爵

中国的龙：吉祥、尊贵、力量与威严的象征。

c. 蝙蝠 bat

欧洲民间传说：vampire bat 与黑暗、死亡密切关联。

as blind as a bat

He's as blind as a bat without his glasses. 

他不戴眼镜时简直跟瞎子一样。

引申含义：某人对某事物视而不见，浑然不觉。

Why did you hit on the girl? Can’t you see those two are a couple? You must be as blind as a bat!

你干啥去撩那妹子？没看出来他俩是一对儿吗？你八成是瞎了眼了吧。

汉语：福气、吉利。“蝠”与“福”同音。

总结：

文化信息cultural messages

动物比喻—> 文化符号

文化主题二 船只代词的性别现象

1.语料欣赏：

Lesson 10 The Loss of the Titanic

She was carrying 1316 passengers and a crew of 891…At that time, however, she was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, but was regarded as unsinkable, for she had sixteen watertight compartments. Even if two of these were flooded, she would still be able to float. The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she went down on her first voyage with heavy loss of life.

船上载有1316名乘客与891名船员。在当时，这艘轮船不仅是造船史上建造的最大的一艘船，而且也被认为是不会沉没的。因为穿上有16个密封舱组成，即使有两个舱进水，仍可漂浮在水面上。然而，这艘巨轮首航就沉没了，造成大批人员伤亡。人们将永远记着这艘君论的沉没惨剧。

Lesson 26 The Cutty Sark

One of the most famous sailing ships of the nineteenth century, the Cutty Sark, can still be seen at Greenwich. She stands on dry land, and is visited by thousands of people each year. She serves as an impressive reminder of the great ships of the past.

人们在格林威治仍可以看到19世纪最有名的帆船之一“卡蒂萨克”号。它停在陆地上，每年接待成千上万的参观者。它给人们留下深刻的印象，使人么回忆起历史上的巨型帆船。

Lesson 28 Five Pounds Too Dear

Small boats loaded with wares sped to the great liner as she was entering the harbor. Before she had anchored, the men from the boats had climbed on board and the dekcs were soon covered with colorful rugs from Persia, silks form India, copper coffee pots, and beautiful handmade silverware.

当一艘大型班船进港的时候，许多小船载着各种杂货快速向客轮驶来。大船还未下锚，小船上的人就纷纷爬上客轮。一会儿功夫，甲板上就摆满了色彩斑澜的波斯地毯、印度丝绸，铜咖啡壶以及手工制作的漂亮的银器。

Lesson 32 A Lost Ship

From this the captain was able to piece together all the information that had come light. The Karen had been sailing in a convoy to Russia when she was torpedoed by an enemy submarine.

据此，船长可以讲所有的那些已经弄清的材料拼凑起来。“卡伦”号当年在为其他船只护航驶往俄国途中突然遭到敌方潜水艇鱼雷的袭击。

2. 思考：船只的阴性化处理，是不是浪漫情怀使然？

3. 《劳氏日报》的纠结：Lloyd’s List

4. 第一种解释：

船艏像—> figurehead

新三第26课Cutty Sark“卡蒂萨克”号

苏格兰诗人 罗伯特彭斯Robert Burn的诗歌“Tam O’Shanter”

Tam喊道：Weel Done, Cutty Sark(苏方)

weel done＝well done

cutty sark＝short shirt

5. 第二种解释：

船只的母亲形象

The Old Father Thames—>老爹河

6.海事词汇里的小巧合

1）deck n. 船只的甲板

2）deck out v. 

含义：If a person or thing is decked out with or in something, they are decorated with it or wearing it, usually for a special occasion.

She had decked him out from head to foot in expensive clothes.

她用昂贵的服装把他从头到脚打扮一新。

3）bedeck v. To deck, ornament, or adorn 装点，装饰使变得更美

She bedecked her wedding gown with pearls.

她用珍珠装点她的婚纱。