230 Echo Article 1172-1178

第一千一百七十二条 二人以上分别实施侵权行为造成同一损害，能够确定责任大小的，各自承担相应的责任；难以确定责任大小的，平均承担责任。

Article 1172 Where the tortious acts committed by two or more persons have caused the same damages, and the extents of responsibilities can be determined, such persons shall bear the corresponding liability respectively; where it is difficult to determine the extents of responsibilities,such persons shall bear liability equally.

第一千一百七十三条 被侵权人对同一损害的发生或者扩大有过错的，可以减轻侵权人的责任。

Article 1173 Where the infringed party is at fault for occurrence or amplification of the same damages, the liability of the tortfeasor (s) may be mitigated.

第一千一百七十四条 损害是因受害人故意造成的，行为人不承担责任。

Article 1174 Where the damages are intentionally caused by the victim, the doer shall not be held liable. 

第一千一百七十五条 损害是因第三人造成的，第三人应当承担侵权责任。

Article 1175 Where the damages are caused by a third party, the third party shall bear tort liability.

第一千一百七十六条 自愿参加具有一定风险的文体活动，因其他参加者的行为受到损害的，受害人不得请求其他参加者承担侵权责任；但是，其他参加者对损害的发生有故意或者重大过失的除外。

Article 1176 In the event that the participant is willing to participate in recreational and sports activities with certain risks, the injured party shall not request other participants to bear tort liability if the damages are caused by the conduct of other participants, unless other participants

have intentional or gross negligence on the occurrence of the damages.

活动组织者的责任适用本法第一千一百九十八条至第一千二百零一条的规定。

The responsibility of the organizer of an activity shall be governed by Articles 1198 through 201 of this Law.

第一千一百七十七条 合法权益受到侵害，情况紧迫且不能及时获得国家机关保护，不立即采取措施将使其合法权益受到难以弥补的损害的，受害人可以在保护自己合法权益的必要范围内采取扣留侵权人的财物等合理措施；但是，应当立即请求有关国家机关处理。

Article 1177 Where the lawful rights and interests are infringed upon, the situation is urgent,such rights and interests cannot be protected by the state organ in a timely manner, and failure to take immediate measures will cause irreparable damage to the lawful rights and interests of the infringed, the victim may, within the necessary scope for protecting his/her lawful rights and interests, take reasonable measures such as detaining the properties of the infringer; however, the victim shall immediately request the relevant state organ to handle the matter.

受害人采取的措施不当造成他人损害的，应当承担侵权责任。

Where a victim has adopted improper measures and caused others to suffer damages, the victim shall bear tort liability.

第一千一百七十八条 本法和其他法律对不承担责任或者减轻责任的情形另有规定的，依照其规定。

Article 1178 Where this Law and other laws provide otherwise in respect of circumstances under which liability may be exempted or mitigated, such provisions shall prevail.