中国首次发布出口管制的白皮书|China Issues 1st White Paper on Export Controls

中国首次发布出口管制的白皮书|China Issues 1st White Paper on Export Controls

China has released its first white paper on export controls to give a full picture of the country's position, system and practices in improving export control governance.

中国首次发布出口管制的白皮书，旨在全面介绍中国完善出口管制治理的立场、制度和实践。

The 9,000-word document, China's Export Controls, was issued on Wednesday by the State Council Information Office.

国务院新闻办公室周三发布了全文9千余字的《中国的出口管制》白皮书。

A statement from the Ministry of Commerce said that the white paper highlighted China's commitment and actions to safeguard world peace and development as well as national security and international security.

据商务部声明，白皮书阐述了中国维护世界和平与发展，维护国家安全和国际安全的主张和行动。

The ministry said China will continue to promote law-based export controls in the future, stepping up efforts to improve supporting regulations for the Export Control Law and accelerating the formulation of a unified export control list.

商务部表示，中国将继续推进出口管制法治化建设，抓紧完善《出口管制法》配套法规，加快制定统一的出口管制清单

More efforts will be made to carry out multilateral and bilateral exchanges and cooperation on export controls, widely publicize and implement related laws and policies, rigorously protect the legitimate rights and interests of all market players and create the conditions for fostering a business environment based on market principles, governed by law and meeting international standards.

中国将积极开展出口管制多双边交流合作，广泛做好法律政策的宣贯，严格保护市场各方主体的合法权益，为营造市场化、法治化、国际化营商环境创造良好条件。

In the next step, China will also work actively to build a coordinated export control compliance system guided by the government and led by business, the ministry added.

商务部补充表示，下一步，中国将积极构建“政府引导、企业为主”的出口管制合规体系。

Export control is a common international practice in which a country prohibits or restricts the export of specific items, such as nuclear materials, to fulfill its international obligations, such as nonproliferation, while safeguarding its own national security and interests.

出口管制是国际通行做法，指一国对核材料以及其他与维护国家安全和利益、履行防扩散等国际义务相关的特定物项出口，采取禁止或者限制性措施。

The ministry said that international export control efforts now face a number of challenges, mainly related to the abuse of export control measures and unreasonable discriminatory restrictions, attempts by countries to form small cliques and work against true multilateralism.

商务部表示，国际出口管制目前面临着一些挑战，主要涉及滥用出口管制措施和无理实施歧视性限制措施的行为，以及某些国家拼凑出口管制小圈子、违背真正的多边主义的迹象。

The white paper also highlighted the need to strengthen international coordination on export controls.

白皮书还强调需要加强出口管制国际协调。

"China holds that all countries should firmly stand by the international system with the United Nations as the core and the international order based on international law, safeguard the authority of international treaties and mechanisms that uphold true multilateralism, refresh their security perspectives, and adopt a common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable outlook on global security," the ministry said in the statement.

商务部在声明中表示：“中国主张，各国应当坚定维护以联合国为核心的国际体系和以国际法为基础的国际秩序，切实维护符合真正多边主义的国际条约和机制的权威，创新安全理念，树立共同、综合、合作、可持续的全球安全观。”

In particular, the ministry said major countries should fulfill their obligations and promote common international security in the field of export controls.

商务部指出，特别是大国应当履行大国义务，在出口管制领域推进国际共同安全。

Major countries should not harm the legitimate rights and interests of other nations in the peaceful use of export-controlled items or prevent the peaceful use of scientific and technological achievements and advances to promote development, normal international science and technology exchanges and economic and trade cooperation, and the safe and smooth operation of global industrial and supply chains, said the ministry.

商务部表示，大国不应当损害其他国家和平利用出口管制物项的正当权益，不应当对和平利用科技进步成果促进发展、正常国际科技交流与经贸合作、全球产业链供应链安全顺畅运转设置障碍。

"China believes that in export control, the international community should move forward in a fair, reasonable and nondiscriminatory direction, uphold solidarity and cooperation, oppose discriminatory approaches, join hands in tackling global issues and create a brighter future for humanity," the ministry said.

商务部表示：“中国认为，国际出口管制应朝着公正、合理、非歧视的方向发展，坚持走团结合作之路，抵制歧视性做法，携手应对各种全球性问题，共同创造人类更加美好的未来。”

In October 2020, China promulgated the Export Control Law with detailed stipulations on export-control lists and measures.

2020年10月，中国颁布了《出口管制法》，对出口管制清单和措施作了详细规定。

Since the 1990s, China has formulated six regulations on export control, covering areas including biological, chemical, missiles and other military items to fulfill certain international obligations.

自20世纪90年代起，中国制定了六项出口管制条例，在生物、化学、导弹、军品等领域严格履行有关国际义务。

commitment

英 [kəˈmɪtmənt]；美[kəˈmɪtmənt]  

n. 承诺；保证；（对工作或某活动）献身；不得不做的事；花费，使用

compliance

英 [kəmˈplaɪəns]；美[kəmˈplaɪəns]  

n. 顺从；遵从；服从

nonproliferation

英 [ˈnɒnprəʊˌlɪfəˈreɪʃən]；美[nɑnprəˌlɪfəˈreɪʃən]  

n. （核武器、化学武器等的）防扩散，不扩散

clique

英 [kliːk]；美[kliːk]  

n. 小集团；派系；私党；小圈子

vi. 结派；结党

solidarity

英 [ˌsɒlɪˈdærəti]；美[ˌsɑːlɪˈdærəti]  

n. 团结；齐心协力；同心同德；相互支持

promulgate

英 [ˈprɒmlɡeɪt]；美[ˈprɑːmlɡeɪt]  

vt. 公布；传播；颁布，发布（新法律或体制）