一、目的状语从句
1.定义
从句部分是用以补充说明主句中谓语动词发生的目的的状语从句。由于目的都是未来的行为,所以从句中一般用表示未来可能性时态,常含can, could, may, might, will, would等情态动词。
2.引导词
(1)用in order that引导
in order that的意思是“为了”。
例句:为了考试及格,他正在努力学习。
He is working hard in order to pass the examination.=He is working hard in order that he can pass the examination.
注意:in order that与in order to的区别
in order that+从句,in order to这里的to是不定式,后跟动词原形,in order to后面接的并不是目的状语从句,而是目的状语。所以in orderto并不表示目的状语从句的引导词哦~
(2)用so that引导
so that此时的意思是“以便”。引导的从句常用情态动词。
例句:她把信都烧了,这样一来她丈夫就永远看不到了。
She burned the letters so that her husband would never read them.
注意:in order that引导的从句可置于主句之前或之后,而sothat引导的从句只能置于主句之后。
(3)用for fear that,in case和lest引导
意思是“以防”“以备”。引导的从句可用虚拟语气,谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略;若不用虚拟语气,要用一般现在时。
例句:男孩躲在树后生怕她的父亲看到他。
The boy hid himself behind the tree for fear that his father should see him.谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”
我平时总存着一瓶酒以备朋友来时喝。
I always keep a bottle of wine by in case friends call round. 用一般现在时
注意: in case既可引导目的状语从句,也可引导条件状语从句,主要视句意而定:
如果他来,告诉我一声。
In case he comes, let me know.
遇到困难请告诉我。
Tell me in case you get into difficulty.
用lest举个例子:我惩罚那个孩子,以免他再犯同样的错误。
I am punishing the child lest he should make the same mistake.lest相比于for fear that是更加书面化的表达。
3. 易错提示
(1)在目的状语从句中,当主句和从句的主语一致时,可把so that/in order that转化成to,so as to或in order to;in order to/that和to可位于主句之前或之后,so as to和so that只能位于主句之后。
举个例子:为了做出准确的诊断,医生会对病人进行彻底的检查。
Doctors examine their patients thoroughly in order to/so as to/to make a correct diagnosis.
(2)in case可引导条件状语从句,(just)in case 可看作副词短语,表示“以防万一”
例如:可能会下雨,你最好带把伞,以防万一。
It may rain;you’d better take an umbrella just in case.
【歌曲:Eternal Flame】
打卡🙏(那句话应该是条件状语从句8