2册-061***********************

1. Hubble Telescope 

哈勃望远镜和一般望远镜有啥不同？

The Hubble is a space telescope.

The Hubble Space Telescope (HST)

The Hubble Space Telescope was named after a brilliant American astronomer Edwin Hubble, who made some of the most important discoveries in modern astronomy.

Perhaps his greatest discovery came in 1929, when Hubble determined that the farther a galaxy is from Earth, the faster it appears to move away.

This idea of an "expanding" universe formed the basis of the Big Bang theory.

望远镜的英文为啥叫telescope?

1) 前缀tele- = over a long distance

telephone:  tele-远距离+ -phon声音+ -e词尾

television： tele-远距离+ -vis-看见+ -ion名词词尾 

telecommunications：tele-远距离+ communications通讯手段

中国电信China Telecom = China Telecommunications Corporation

2)-scope  = watcher   

microscope : micro + scope

stethoscope：stethos（chest）+ scope  

telescope = tele + scope

区别：

telescope

binoculars（a pair of binoculars）

* 哈勃望远镜的主要镜子有些缺陷，课文的表达“ its main mirror was faulty ”

faulty有故障，有缺陷

If a piece of equipment has something wrong with it and is not working properly ,

we can say it is faulty.

来自名词fault，故障，毛病

There is a fault in the computer system.

= The computer system is faulty.

口语中承认错误：

It is my fault. / My bad！

*在修理哈勃望远镜的过程中，机械臂要抓住...

抓用的是： grab

To grab means to take hold of someone or something with a sudden or violent movement.

比如：The mom grabbed the child’s hand and ran towards the school.

口语中:

A：You look exhausted.Why don’t you go and grab some sleep?         

B: I just need to grab a cup of coffee to keep me awake. Would you like to go to Starbucks with me?

A: Sure, I wanna grab a bite（to eat）there before the meeting in the afternoon.

区别：snatch & grab意思接近

snatch更强调一种“抢夺”意思。

The thief snatched a lady’s purse and ran.

2.  哈勃望远帮助我们更好地认识宇宙

Let us learn some words about the universe.

*宇宙为啥叫universe ?

Uni表示___________

verse表示__________

*宇宙中有很多星系，那星系的英文是什么？

galaxy

The Galaxy = the Milky Way

Our galaxy is called the Milky Way because it appears as a milky band of light in the sky .

太阳系: solar system

太阳能solar energy

The sun is a star.

The earth is a planet.

Planet来自古希腊人的词语“planetes”中，就是"wandering (stars)"

The moon is a satellite of the Earth.

artificial satellite（artificial人造的，人工的），简称satellite.

the moons of Jupiter

*为啥大气层叫atmosphere？

atmo = steamsphere = ball

atmosphere也在日常口语中引申为“氛围，气氛”：

Music and lighting can create a romantic atmosphere.

The cafe has a lovely relaxed atmosphere.

3.  下面我们来了解一些和太空旅行相关的词

Let us learn some words related to space travel.

The Apollo Program背后的NASA

NASA = National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

NASA is a US government organization that controls space travel and the scientific study of space.

中国国家航天局：China National Space Administration

China is the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon.

航天器，宇宙飞船，

英文叫spacecraft（craft表示“船”）

space shuttle  简称shuttle

A space shuttle is a reusable spacecraft .

航天飞机，为啥叫shuttle ?

Shuttle原意指____________________

shuttle flight / Shuttle bus / Space shuttle

Each space shuttle is designed to fly at least 100 missions.

* NASA造的5架航天飞机

Columbia / Challenger/ Discovery / Atlantis / Endeavour  

Endeavourv./n.努力，奋力

If you endeavour to do something or make every endeavour to do it , you try very hard to do it.

We always endeavour to satisfy our customers.

We always make every endeavour to satisfy our customers.

Of the five space shuttles, two were lost in mission accidents: Challenger in 1986 and Columbia in 2003, with a total of fourteen astronauts killed.

The Space Shuttle was retired from service in 2011.

*发射：launch

launch a spacecraft

*In 2003，China successfully launched the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft into space.

发射卫星：launch a satellite /发射导弹：launch a missile

launch引申为“发布，发起”

The company launched a new product.

We have launched a volunteer organization on campus.

* Astronaut 为啥表示宇航员？

astro- =“star”，naut =“sailor”

所以，astronaut字面意思就是__________________【听记1】

三种宇航员有啥区别？

astronaut指________________

cosmonaut指_______________

taikonaut指________________【听记2】

Astro-构成的单词和_________有关【听记3】

astrology / astronomy / astronomer

听记答案 

1. 星星

2. 美国宇航员；前苏联宇航员；中国宇航员

3. 外太空