3册-018**************************

Modern sculpture rarely surprises us any more. The idea that modern art can only be seen in museums is mistaken. Even people who take no interest in art cannot  have failed to notice examples of modern sculpture on display in public places.

现代雕塑作品很难给我们带来什么惊喜。认为摩登艺术作品只能在美术馆里才能看到可真是大错特错了。即使那些对艺术毫无兴趣的人，也一定会注意到许多公共场所中摆放着的现代雕塑作品。

1. sculpture n. 雕塑、雕像、雕刻作品

单复数使用情况：

1) 如果指代具体的一件或者几件雕塑作品，可用作可数名词

a marble sculpture of Venus 一尊维纳斯的大理石雕像

stone sculptures of figures and animals 人像和动物的石雕

2）也可以与piece搭配使用，作为不可数名词出现

a piece of bronze sculpture 一件青铜雕塑作品

several pieces of ancient sculpture 几件古代雕塑作品

3）如果表示泛泛而谈的“雕塑作品”，或“雕塑艺术”，只当作不可数名词来使用

He collects modern sculpture.

他收藏现代雕塑。

课文中原句：

Modern sculpture rarely surprises us any more.

现代雕塑作品很难给我们带来什么惊喜。

Even people who take no interest in art can not have failed to notice examples of modern sculpture on display in public places.

即使那些对艺术毫无兴趣的人，也一定会注意到许多公共场所中摆放着的现代雕塑作品。

4）指“雕塑艺术”时，也是不可数名词

He went to Europe to study sculpture. 

他前往欧洲学习雕塑。

Here sculpture means the art of creating sculptures, which is also used as an uncountable noun.

总结

1）sculpture如果指具体的雕塑作品，即可作可数名词，也可作不可数；

2）sculpture如果泛指雕塑，比如某一个时期的集体概念，modern sculpture, ancient sculpture，就当成不可数名词；

3）此外，当sculpture表示“雕塑技术、雕塑创作”的时候，也是作为不可数名词。

2. sculpt v. 雕刻，雕塑

所指比较广泛，尤其对雕刻的材料对象，选择宽不挑剔，用石头、木头、黏土、金属等进行雕刻，都可以用sculpt这个动词。

The statue of the great man was sculpted from metal.

那个伟人的雕像是用金属雕刻的。

I plan to sculpt a bust of my father.

我计划雕刻一尊我父亲的半身像。

3. carve v. 雕刻

1）carve特指用木头、石头等雕刻出某个物件或图案

This statue was carved out of marble.

这座雕像是用大理石雕刻的。

He carved the his name on a big tree.

他把自己的名字刻在一棵大树上。

2）抽象用法carve sth out for yourself

The phrase means to work hard in order to have a successful career or reputation.

She has carved a place for herself in the fashion world.

她已在时装界谋得一席之地。

He succeeded in carving out a career in the media.

他已在传媒界闯出了一片天地。

4. chisel n.凿子；v. 雕，凿，刻

He chiselled the stone into a statue.

他把石头雕成了一座雕像。

Ted was chiselling some marble.

特德在雕刻一些大理石。

In spite of this, some people -- including myself -- were surprised by a recent exhibition of modern sculpture. The first thing I saw when I entered the art gallery was a notice which said：‘Do not touch the exhibits. Some of them are dangerous!' The objects on display were pieces of moving sculpture.

纵然如此，一些人，包括我自己，被最近的一场现代雕塑展给惊得一愣一愣的。当我走近展出大厅时，首先引入眼帘的是一个告示牌，上面写着：请勿触碰展品。有些展品十分危险！展出的作品是一件件移动的雕塑。

5.exhibition n. 展览，展览会

1）发音：注意其中的h不发音。在字母g、r、ex之后的h都是silent h，不发音的h：exhaust 耗尽，exhibit 展品，exhilarate 使高兴，ghost 鬼魂，rhythm 节奏，韵律。

2）含义：展览(艺术类、综合类)；

An art exhibition is being held in the central hall.

艺术展览会正在中央大厅举行。

新概念二册的第80课The Crystal Palace《水晶宫》：

the Great Exhibition of 1851

1851年英国世界博览会

exposition 国际性博览会，Expo就是exposition 的缩写词

The World Expo 2010 was held in Shanghai.

2010年的世界博览会是在上海举办的。

6.show n.展览(多元化：艺术品、农产品、工业品)

There is a flower show at the shelter.

大棚里有个花展。

An auto show will be held in October.

10月份将举办一个车展。

7. fair n. 商品交易会

They plan to participate in the autumn fair.

他们计划参加秋季交易会。

A book fair is held here each year.

每年这里都要举办图书展销会。

8.convention n. 展览（特殊类型）

comic-con，漫画展，漫展；-con是convention的缩写

9. make an exhibition of oneself

It means to embarrass oneself or others in public by behaving foolishly.

She had too much to drink at the party and made an exhibition of herself in front of everyone. 

她在派对上喝多了，在大家面前丑态百出。

Which means she made a fool of herself or made a spectacle of herself at the party. 

10.exhibit v./n.

1)展览；展出;陈列

His work was exhibited in the best galleries in America, Europe and Asia.

他的作品在美洲、欧洲和亚洲最好的美术馆展出。

同义：be on display

= His work was on display in the best galleries.

2)表现；显示

此外，If someone or something shows a particular quality, feeling, or type of behaviour, you can say that they exhibit it. 

exhibit作为动词还以指某人表现出某种特质、情绪或者行为。

比如：He has exhibited symptoms of anxiety and overwhelming worry.

他表现出焦躁不安和过度忧虑的症状。

课文中的exhibit是作为名词出现的，表示“展品”，作者说告示牌上写着

Do not touch the exhibits. 请勿触碰展品、陈列品之意。

These lights flickered continuously like traffic lights which have gone mad. Sparks were emitted from small black boxes and red lamps flashed on and off angrily.

11.flash v. 闪光

The lightning flashed across the sky. 

闪电划过天空。

There is something wrong with the traffic light because only the red light flashes on and off. 

交通灯出故障了，只有红灯一直在闪。

12. flicker v.

1) 灯光或火焰忽隐忽现地闪烁；摇曳

The candle-light flickered and went out.

烛光闪了闪就熄了。

2)情绪、思想等闪现；一闪而过

A strange thought flickered through his mind.

一个奇怪的想法在他的脑海中一闪而过。

Anger flickered in his eyes.

他眼中闪现出一丝怒火。

对比：Anger flashed in his eyes.  

他眼里充满了怒火。

13. gleam v. 发微光，闪烁；光洁、光亮

Neon lights gleamed in the mists. 

霓虹灯在雾霭中发出柔和的光。

The table gleamed after being painted. 

桌子刷上油漆后显得很光亮。

The shoemaker polished the shoes of his customer until they gleamed.

鞋匠将其顾客的鞋擦得锃亮。

14. glitter、sparkle和twinkle

Her diamond necklace was sparkling in the sunlight.

=Her diamond necklace was glittering in the sunlight.

她的钻石项链在阳光下闪闪发亮。

The lake glittered in the sunlight. 

阳光下湖面波光粼粼。

twinkle v. 闪烁，闪耀

Stars are twinkling in the dark sky. 

星星在黑暗的夜空中闪烁着。

本课重点词汇

1.sculpture n. 雕塑作品；雕像；雕塑艺术

2.sculpt v. 雕刻、雕塑；扩展：carve v. 雕刻

carve sth out for yourself 为自己闯出一片天地

chisel n. 凿子；v. 雕刻

3.exhibition n. 展览，展览会

扩展：exposition n. = expo 大型展会（国际性）

fair n. 展会、商品交易会；show n. 展览

convention 展会（特殊类型）：comic-con 漫展

4.exhibit v. = be on display 展出；n. 展品

5.flash v. 闪光（强烈）；（强烈情绪、想法等）闪现

6. flicker v. 闪光（微弱）；（情绪、想法等）快速闪现

扩展：gleam v. （某种表面）明净发光；闪光（微弱）

glitter （钻石等）闪耀发光＝sparkle

twinkle（星星灯）闪烁发光