3册-016***********************

主题：Catenative Verbs 链接动词及其结构

预热： 

catenative

词源：拉丁语catenatus

chained = 被链条连接起来的、被拴起来的

1.  什么叫做链接动词？

He decided to leave for New York at once.

他决定立刻动身前往纽约。

He deserves to win the cup.

他理应赢得奖杯。

2. 什么叫做从属动词？

We need to go to the tennis court to help Jim get some practice before the game.

我们需要去网球场帮助吉姆做一下赛前比赛练习。

3. 从属动词的2张面孔

I enjoy listening to Mozart.

我喜欢听莫扎特的音乐。

课文原句：

Aleko denied taking it and led Dimitri into his backyard.

面对邻人迪米特的指责，阿列克丝毫不承认。

4.思考：

链接动词后面用doing还是to do有没有规律可循？

语言的独断性和小脾性

Just as we are defined by our differences, so does languages.

我之所以是我，你之所以是你，界定我们每一个人的，是我们彼此之间差异。

5.宇宙最强最全的列表

1）come

come to do：从属动词通常是know、understand、realize、see这类表示“明白、懂得、意识到”的动词。

She came to realize that things were not as they seemed.

她渐渐意识到事情并非它们表面上的样子。

＝She underwent a slow realization.

He came to understand her better.

他渐渐开始了解她。

They came to see the consequences of their decisions. 

慢慢地，他们明白了／看清了他们抉择的后果。

这里的see，相当于I see what you mean. 这句话中see的意思；

注意：

come to do“伪链接动词”的用法

这里的come并不是“链接动词”，而是表示“来到某处”，后面的to do是一个目的状语。

She came to speak to me about the matter.

她来找我谈论此事。

He came to warn us about the danger.

他来警告我们有危险。

come doing sth. with sb. 陪伴某人共同做了某事

She came dancing with me last night.

昨晚她陪我去跳舞了。

＝She accompanied me in this dance activity.

2）go

go to do sth. 万能链接动词

They went to see a movie.

他们去看了场电影。

She went to buy some fruits.

她去买了点水果。

go doing在这里的doing仅仅指那些以-ing结尾的活动名称，比如fishing：

They went fishing together.

他们一起钓鱼去了。

体育类的活动：

swimming（游泳）

skiing（滑雪）

skating（轮滑）

camping（野营）

kite-flying（放风筝）

rock-climbing（攀岩）

cave-exploring（岩洞探险）

cliff-diving(悬崖跳水)

surfing（冲浪）

其他类似名词：

He goes net-surfing every now and then. 

他常常上网。

They often go we-chatting after work.

他们下班后常常微信聊天。

She goes blogging whenever she has time. 

她一有时间就更新博客。

She often goes online-shopping.

她常常网购。

3）go on

After a long career, Ken went on to be a manager. 在基层漫长的摸爬滚打之后，Ken终于成了一名经理。

Some goalkeepers go on playing until they are 40. 有些守门员打比赛可以打到40岁才退役。

＝They keep playing until they are 40.

4）get

get to do sth. 有资格去做某事、有资格享有某种特权

Successful actors often get to go to film premieres free.

大牌演员常常能免费参加电影的首映式。

＝They have the privilege to go film premieres.

You sister cleaned off her plate earlier at dinner, so she gets to have an ice-cream of her choice.

你姐姐之前吃晚饭时把餐盘里的食物全都吃完了，所以现在她能选个她想要的冰激凌。

I won the first prize and get to spend my Christmas in Spain!

我赢了一等奖，圣诞节我能去西班牙过啦！

get doing 催促

Get going!

Get moving!

5）mean

mean to do＝intend to do

I meant to tell her yesterday, but I forgot. ＝ I intended to tell her.

我本想昨天告诉她的，但是我忘记了。

mean doing sth.意味着

A事件mean doing B事件：先因后果的逻辑关系

The promotion will mean moving to a new area.

这项推广计划意味着进军新地区。

This new order will mean working overtime.

这新订单一来，我们就得加班加点。

The injury could mean him missing next week's game.

这次受伤可能使他无法参加下周的比赛。

6）need

I need to paint the house.

need doing

The house needs painting.

＝The house needs to be painted.

7）regret

I regret inviting him to the party now.

我现在后悔请他来参加派对了。

regret to do

I regret to tell you that the show has been cancelled.

很遗憾地通知您这场演出已经被取消了。

I regret to have to inform you that your brother has had a serious accident.

十分遗憾，我不得不告诉您，您的弟弟在出了严重车祸。

regret to do中的从属动词通常为tell、say和inform.

附表：

No difference in meaning 含义无差别的链接动词

1）bear 忍受

I can’t bear to hear him sing.

＝I can’t bear hearing him sing.

2）begin／start 开始

It began to rain.

＝It began raining.

I started to learn Spanish three years ago.

＝I started learning Spanish three years ago.

3）bother 操心

He didn't bother to ask for permission.

＝He didn't bother asking for permission.

4）cease 停止

You must cease to waste so much time on the computer.

＝You must cease wasting so much time on the computer.

5）continue 继续

It continued to rain.

＝It continued raining.

6）disdain 鄙视

He disdained to speak with us.

＝He disdained speaking with us.

7）hate 痛恨

I hate to brush my teeth.

＝I hate brushing my teeth.

8) intend 打算

I intend to finish this.

＝I intend finishing this.

9) love 热爱

I love to swim in the sea.

=I love swimming in the sea.

10）neglect 忽略

I neglected to paint behind the cupboard.

=I neglected painting behind the cupboard.

11）prefer

I prefer to work alone.

=I prefer working alone.