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主题：�“简单句”向“复合句”转化的过程中，必知的几个坑

1. �课文中出现的两个复合句

�

The city at once time must have been prosperous, for�it enjoyed a high level of civilization.

这座古城肯定一度很繁荣，因为它享有高度的文明。

The city was even equipped with a drainage system, for�a great many clay pipes were found beneath the narrow street.

城里甚至还敷设了排水系统，因为在狭窄的街道底下发现了许许多多陶土制的排水管道。

2.��并列连词家族

1）出镜率最高的7个成员：for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so。如果把它们的首字母连起来，我们就可以轻松记住，f,a,n,b,o,y,s—> fanboys （扇子男孩儿们）

2）并列连词到底是什么意思？

英文：coordinating conjunction(s)

课后挑战：把下面6个简单句，利用并列连词，连成3句复合句

1. J.K.Rowling’s new book is available in stores now.

2.�Cathy seems upset.

3.�I just bought one for my son.

4. His car was not in the garage.

5. He must have gone out.

6.�She is in tears.

3. �简单句，简单吗？

�

1）简单句的独立个性

例句：I rule. 我做主。

2）连接简单句的2种手段：标点符号，连词

例句：The game was over: they won. 比赛结束了，他们赢了。

You can take it or leave it; both choices are fine.

你可以接受，也可以拒绝，怎么都行。

The business of her life was to get her daughters married; its solace was visiting and news.

她生平的大事就是嫁女儿;�她生平的安慰就是访友拜客和打探新闻。

3）标点使用不当而造成的“逗号拼接句”

病句：The sun finally came out, everyone was happy again.

太阳终于出来了，大家又高兴了起来。

修改：

用分号：The sun finally came out；everyone was happy again.

用逗号＋并列连词：The sun finally came out, soeveryone was happy again.

病因：

中文主意合：隐形的逻辑关系词

英文主形合：显性的逻辑关系词、结构词等

4）用发展的动态眼光看待“逗号拼接句”

英国《泰晤士报》The Times20年首席评论员的Oliver Kamm说：

Tastes in punctuation are not constant. It makes no sense to accuse Jane Austen of incorrect use of the comma, as no one would have levelled this charge against her at the time. Her conventions of usage were not ours.�

中文翻译：“人们对于标点符号的偏好是一直在变化的。用我们现在的使用标准去苛责奥斯汀对逗号的使用，是毫无道理的。她那个时代的用法习惯与我们现在不同。”

英国著名作家Lynne Truss对类似这样的“名人作家的非常规写法”作出过相当直白的解释，她说，

Done knowingly by an established writer, the comma splice is effective, poetic, dashing.

如果名作家刻意为之，逗号拼接句可以产生特殊效果、充满诗意、时髦有型；

Done equally knowingly by people who are not published writers, it can look weak or presumptuous.

如果普通人刻意为之，逗号拼接句可能会看起来苍白无力，或者假模假样，造作得很；

Done ignorantly by ignorant people, it is awful.

如果是完全不懂句法、标点使用规则的人乱用一通，那，逗号拼接句简直是车祸现场。

4.��扩展阅读：

选自《傲慢与偏见》，请留意划线部分的并列连词and, or以及for的用法。

Mrs Bennet: �“It is very likely that he may fall in love with one of them, and�therefore you must visit him as soon as he comes.”

Mr. Bennet: “I see no occasion for that. You and the girl may go, or�you may send them by �themselves, which perhaps will be still better, for you are as handsome as any �of them, Mr. Bingley might like you the best of the party.”

中文翻译：

班纳特太太说：“他倒可能看中我们的某一个女儿呢。他一搬来，你就得去拜访拜访他。”

班纳特先生说：“我不用去。你带着女儿们去就得啦，要不你干脆打发她们自己去，那或许倒更好些，因为你跟女儿们比起来，她们哪一个都不能胜过你的美貌，你去了，彬格莱先生倒可能挑中你呢？”

课后挑战参考答案�

1+3: J.K.Rowling’s new book is available in stores now, for�I just bought one for my son.

2+6: Cathy seems upset, for�she is in tears.

5+4: He must have gone out, for�his car was not in the garage.