E11 | 马丁·路德·金经典演讲: 我有一个梦想

《我有一个梦想》是马丁·路德·金在1963年华盛顿大游行中发表的著名演讲，它不仅是黑人民权运动的里程碑，也被誉为世界演讲史上的经典之作。这篇演讲强烈呼吁种族平等，激发了全球对自由和平等的追求。马丁·路德·金以”我有一个梦想”的口号，表达了对一个没有种族歧视的美国的期望，其影响力深远，促进了美国民权立法的进步

以下是演讲文稿：

I Have a Dream

By Martin Luther King, Jr. delivered 28 August 1963, at the Lincoln Memorial, Washington D.C.

I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as thegreatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation.

Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow westand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decreecame as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had beenseared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak toend the long night of their captivity.

But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free. One hundredyears later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles ofsegregation and the chains of discrimination. One hundred years later, theNegro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean ofmaterial prosperity. One hundred years later, the Negro is still languished inthe corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land. Andso we've come here today to dramatize a shameful condition.

In a sense we've come to our nation's capital to cash a check. When thearchitects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution andthe Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note towhich every American was to fall heir. This note was a promise that all men,yes, black men as well as white men, would be guaranteed the "unalienableRights" of "Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness." It isobvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note, insofar asher citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honoring this sacredobligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check, a check which hascome back marked "insufficient funds."

But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. We refuseto believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunityof this nation. And so, we've come to cash this check, a check that will giveus upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice.

We have also come to this hallowed spot to remind America of the fierceurgency of Now. This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or totake the tranquilizing drug of gradualism. Now is the time to make real thepromises of democracy. Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolatevalley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. Now is the time tolift our nation from the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock ofbrotherhood. Now is the time to make justice a reality for all of God'schildren.

It would be fatal for the nation to overlook the urgency of the moment.This sweltering summer of the Negro's legitimate discontent will not pass untilthere is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality. Nineteen sixty-threeis not an end, but a beginning. And those who hope that the Negro needed toblow off steam and will now be content will have a rude awakening if the nationreturns to business as usual. And there will be neither rest nor tranquility inAmerica until the Negro is granted his citizenship rights. The whirlwinds ofrevolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the brightday of justice emerges.

But there is something that I must say to my people, who stand on the warmthreshold which leads into the palace of justice: In the process of gaining ourrightful place, we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds. Let us not seek tosatisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness andhatred. We must forever conduct our struggle on the high plane of dignity anddiscipline. We must not allow our creative protest to degenerate into physicalviolence. Again and again, we must rise to the majestic heights of meetingphysical force with soul force.

The marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the Negro community mustnot lead us to a distrust of all white people, for many of our white brothers,as evidenced by their presence here today, have come to realize that theirdestiny is tied up with our destiny. And they have come to realize that theirfreedom is inextricably bound to our freedom.

We cannot walk alone.

And as we walk, we must make the pledge that we shall always march ahead.

We cannot turn back.

There are those who are asking the devotees of civil rights, "Whenwill you be satisfied?" We can never be satisfied as long as the Negro isthe victim of the unspeakable horrors of police brutality. We can never besatisfied as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gainlodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities. **We cannot besatisfied as long as the negro's basic mobility is from a smaller ghetto to alarger one. We can never be satisfied as long as our children are stripped oftheir self-hood and robbed of their dignity by signs stating: "For WhitesOnly."** We cannot be satisfied as long as a Negro in Mississippi cannot voteand a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for which to vote. No, no, weare not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until "justice rolls downlike waters, and righteousness like a mighty stream."

I am not unmindful that some of you have come here out of great trials andtribulations. Some of you have come fresh from narrow jail cells. And some ofyou have come from areas where your quest -- quest for freedom left youbattered by the storms of persecution and staggered by the winds of policebrutality. You have been the veterans of creative suffering. Continue to workwith the faith that unearned suffering is redemptive. Go back to Mississippi,go back to Alabama, go back to South Carolina, go back to Georgia, go back toLouisiana, go back to the slums and ghettos of our northern cities, knowingthat somehow this situation can and will be changed.

Let us not wallow in the valley of despair, I say to you today, myfriends.

And so even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, I stillhave a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream.

I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the truemeaning of its creed: "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that allmen are created equal."

I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, the sons offormer slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit downtogether at the table of brotherhood.

I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a statesweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression,will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.

I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nationwhere they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content oftheir character.

I have a dream today!

I have a dream that one day, down in Alabama, with its viciousracists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of"interposition" and "nullification" -- one day right therein Alabama little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands withlittle white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers.

I have a dream today!

I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, and every hilland mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and thecrooked places will be made straight; "and the glory of the Lord shall berevealed and all flesh shall see it together."

This is our hope, and this is the faith that I go back to the South with.

With this faith, we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair astone of hope. With this faith, we will be able to transform the janglingdiscords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. With thisfaith, we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggletogether, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowingthat we will be free one day.

And this will be the day -- this will be the day when all of God'schildren will be able to sing with new meaning:

My country 'tisof thee, sweet land of liberty, of thee I sing. Land where my fathers died,land of the Pilgrim's pride,    From every mountainside, letfreedom ring!

And if America is to be a great nation, this must become true.

And so let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire.

Let freedom ringfrom the mighty mountains of New York.

Let freedom ringfrom the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania.

Let freedom ringfrom the snow-capped Rockies of Colorado.

Let freedom ringfrom the curvaceous slopes of California.

But not only that:

Let freedom ringfrom Stone Mountain of Georgia.

Let freedom ringfrom Lookout Mountain of Tennessee.

Let freedom ringfrom every hill and molehill of Mississippi.

From everymountainside, let freedom ring.

And when this happens, and when we allow freedom ring, when we let it ringfrom every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we willbe able to speed up that day when all of God's children, blackmen and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be ableto join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual:

Free at last! Free at last!

Thank God Almighty, we are free at last!