Every night, almost everyone on the planet enters into a state of unconsciousness and paralysis.
每晚,地球上几乎每个人都会进入无意识和瘫痪的状态。
But what is really happening inside the body when we drift off?
但是,当我们渐渐入睡时,身体里究竟发生什么事?
And what's the impact if we don't get enough sleep?
此外,要是我们睡眠不足,对我们又有什么影响?
Sleep is regulated by your circadian rhythm, or body clock, located in the brain.
睡眠由脑内的昼夜节律或生理时钟所管理。
The body clock responds to light cues, ramping up production of the hormone melatonin at night and switching it off when it senses light.
生理时钟对光信号有所反应,在夜晚会加速荷尔蒙,褪黑激素的分泌,并在感应到光线时关闭。
There are four stages of sleep that the body experiences in cycles throughout the night.
身体整个晚上会经历四个阶段的睡眠周期。
On a good night, we cycle through these stages four or five times.
正常的夜晚,我们会循环这些阶段四至五次。
Stages one and two are light sleep.
第一和第二阶段为浅眠期。
This is a transition from being awake to falling asleep.
这是从意识清醒到入睡的过渡期。
Heart rate and breathing begin to slow, body temperature falls, and muscles may twitch.
心率和呼吸开始减慢,体温下降,而且肌肉可能会抽搐。
Stage three is sometimes referred to as delta sleep, because of the slow delta brainwaves that are released during this stage.
第三阶段有时也称为三角洲睡眠,因为在此阶段会释放缓慢的三角脑波。
This is the first stage of deep sleep, where our cells produce the most growth hormone to service bones and muscles, allowing the body to repair itself.
这是深度睡眠的第一阶段,我们细胞会产生最大量的生长激素提供给骨头和肌肉,让身体进行自我修复。
Stage four is where we begin to dream.
第四阶段我们会开始做梦。
The body creates chemicals that render it temporarily paralyzed so that we do not act out our dreams.
身体会分泌化学物质,使身体暂时瘫痪,这样我们就无法做出梦里的动作。
In this stage, the brain is extremely active and our eyes, although closed, dart back and forth as if we were awake.
在此阶段,大脑会非常活跃,虽然我们的眼睛闭着,但会来回快速移动,彷彿我们醒着一样。
Humans roughly spend one third of their lives asleep.
人类生命中约有三分之一的时间在睡眠上。
Modern lifestyles, stress, and the proliferation of technology mean that people are sleeping far less today than they were a century ago.
现代生活方式、压力、以及科技的快速进步,代表现代人的睡眠时间远少于一个世纪前的人类。
Sleeping less than seven hours per day is associated with an increased risk of developing chronic conditions, which could reduce life expectancy.
每天的睡眠时间若少于 7 小时会增加罹患慢性疾病的风险,进而可能降低寿命。
So for a healthier, longer life, get some shuteye.
因此,为了更健康、更长寿,别忘了要睡眠。