Are clocks more useful than steam engines?
The invention of the clock is a great event in human civilization. After the invention of this thing, when it's time to eat, it doesn't matter if the stomach says it.
Why are there so many gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer and insomnia in modern society? It's because eating and sleeping are determined by the clock, not by whether you are hungry or sleepy.
Speaking of which, there may be a question: why is the thermometer invented, but how many clothes are we wearing, or do we has the final say, not controlled by thermometers? These two things are really different. Dressing is one's own business, while eating, sleeping and working involve a lot of cooperation with others.
So in the final analysis, the clock is not a simple timing tool, it is a horizontal cooperation tool for all mankind. Who stipulates that we must eat on time? It's not clocks, it's other people we work with. No wonder Mumford, an American scholar, said that in the course of the industrial revolution, the steam engine did not play as much role as clocks and watches.
钟表的作用比蒸汽机大吗?
钟表的发明是人类文明中的一件大事。美国学者布尔斯廷说过一句话,说这东西被发明之后,什么时候该吃饭,肚子说了就不算了。
为什么现代社会,人类有那么多胃溃疡、十二指肠溃疡,那么多失眠?就是因为吃饭睡觉这些事是按照钟表来定的,而不是根据自己饿不饿、困不困来定。
说到这儿,可能有一个疑问:为啥温度计发明了,但是穿多少衣服,还是我们自己说了算,没有被温度计控制呢?这两件事还真的不一样。穿衣服那是自个儿的事,而吃饭、睡觉、作息,牵涉到大量和别人的协作。
所以说到底,钟表不是一个简单的计时工具,它是全人类的横向的协作工具。谁规定了我们一定要按时吃饭?不是钟表,是和我们合作的其他人。难怪美国的学者芒福德说,在工业革命的过程中,其实蒸汽机起到的作用没有钟表来得大。
重点词汇
so many 那么多的 ; 很多 ; 和…一样多的 ; 全都是
gastric ulcer 胃溃疡
modern society 现代社会
how many 多少
final say 最终决定权,最终发言权
a lot of 许多
in the final analysis 归根结底 ; 总之
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