马斯克兑现承诺 售出10%的特斯拉股票

 Tesla chief executive Elon Musk has sold around $5bn of shares in the electric carmaker.

特斯拉总裁埃隆·马斯克已卖出他在特斯拉电动汽车公司价值约50亿美元（约合人民币320亿元）的股票。

It comes days after he asked his 63 million Twitter followers whether he should sell 10% of his stake in Tesla.

数日前他曾向6,300万推特粉丝发问，是否应该卖掉他在特斯拉10%的股票。

The company's shares fell by around 16% in the two days after the poll came out in favor of him selling shares, before regaining some ground on Wednesday.

支持他售出股票的投票结果公布后，特斯拉股价两天内暴跌近16%，直到11月10日股价才有所回升。

Tesla is the world's most valuable carmaker, with a stock market valuation of more than $1tn.

特斯拉是全世界市值最高的汽车制造商，预估市值超1万亿美元。

Mr. Musk's trust sold almost 3.6 million shares in Tesla, worth around $4bn.

马斯克已抛售其信托基金持有的近360万股特斯拉股票，价值约40亿美元。

He also sold another 934,000 shares for about $1.1bn after exercising options to acquire nearly 2.2 million shares, according to filings with the US stock market regulator.

美国证监会的文件显示，马斯克买入近220万股特斯拉期权，随即卖出934,000股，获利约11亿美元。

The documents showed that the sale of about a fifth of the shares was made based on a pre-arranged trading plan set up in September, long before Mr. Musk's social media posts at the weekend about selling some of his shares.

文件显示，马斯克抛售的所有股票中，约五分之一为预定交易。马斯克早在九月份就公布了交易计划，而上周末也在社交媒体发帖称要抛售股票。

Mr. Musk has highlighted that he is not paid in cash by Tesla and only has stock.

马斯克曾强调，他在特斯拉的收入全是股票，没有现金。

Part of the latest transaction saw him exercising stock options that he was awarded as part of his pay package in 2012, which is due to expire in August next year.

从最新的交易记录来看，他行使的期权是即将于明年八月过期的2012年薪酬奖励的一部分。

Mr. Musk has one option to buy 22.86 million Tesla shares at $6.24 each, but if he doesn't exercise the stock option then the shares would become worthless after the expiry date.

马斯克可以行使期权，以每股6.24美元的价格购入2,286万股特斯拉股票；但倘若不行使，该部分股票即将到期，过后便一文不值。

Such transactions trigger income taxes, which are typically settled using money raised from immediately selling some of the newly acquired shares.

这笔交易会产生所得税，税款一般通过立即出售一部分新购股票所得来缴纳。

His move also comes as US Democrats have proposed a so-called "billionaires tax", which could have the richest taxed on "unrealized gains" even if they do not sell any of their stock.

此前，美国民主党提出了所谓的“亿万富翁所得税”，要求对富豪的“未变现盈利所得”征税。哪怕他们没有抛售任何股票，也要征税。

On Saturday, Mr. Musk posted a poll asking his followers to vote on whether he should sell part of his stake in Tesla to meet his tax obligations.

11月6日，马斯克发起投票，让关注者决定是否应该出售自己在特斯拉的部分股票以履行纳税义务。

"Much is made lately of unrealized gains being a means of tax avoidance, so I propose selling 10% of my Tesla stock," he tweeted.

他发推称：“最近有很多人认为‘未变现盈利所得’是一种避税手段，于此我提议出售自己在特斯拉的10%的股票。”

"I will abide by the results of this poll, whichever way it goes."

“无论结果如何，我都会按照此次投票结果履行承诺。”

The poll attracted more than 3.5 million votes, with nearly 58% voting in favor of the share sale.

逾350万人参与此次投票，其中近58%的票数支持马斯克抛售股票。

It was Mr. Musk's first sale of shares since 2016, when he last exercised stock options. At the time he also sold some of the shares to cover an income tax bill of close to $600m.

这是马斯克自上一次行使股票期权，也就是2016年以来第一次出售股票。当时，为缴纳近6亿美元的所得税不得已卖掉了一部分股票。

Mr. Musk is the world's richest person, with a fortune estimated to be more than $280bn.

马斯克是全世界最富有的人，资产估值超过了2,800亿美元。

option (or "stockoption")

英 [ˈɒpʃn]；美[ˈɑːpʃn]  

n. 期权；买卖选择权

income tax

英 [ˈɪnkʌm tæks]；美[ˈɪnkʌm tæks]  

n.所得税；所得税款

unrealized gains

英 [ˌʌnˈriːəlaɪzd ɡeɪnz]；美[ˌʌnˈriːəlaɪzd ɡeɪnz]  

adj. 未实现收益；未变现收益（所得）

tax obligation

英 [tæks ˌɒblɪˈɡeɪʃn]；美[tæks ˌɑːblɪˈɡeɪʃn]  

纳税义务