mexican involvement in WWII(part one)双语文本

Mexican Involvement in World War II墨西哥在二战中的角色

During World War II, Mexico played a significant role in the Allied effort. Everyone knows the World War II Allied Powers: the United States of America, the United Kingdom, France, Australia, Canada, New Zealand，China...and Mexico?

第二次世界大战期间，墨西哥在盟军的努力中发挥了重要作用。大家都知道第二次世界大战的同盟国:美利坚合众国、英国、法国、澳大利亚、加拿大、新西兰、中国……和墨西哥?

重点词句：

play a role 扮演一个角色;发挥一个作用

例句：

The company needs new leadership if she is to play a role in future development.

该公司要在未来的发展中发挥作用的话，她就需要新的领导班子。

She would only play a role if she could identify with the character.

她只愿扮演自己认同的人物角色。

That's right, Mexico. In May 1942, the United States of Mexico declared war on the Axis alliance. They even saw some combat: a Mexican fighter squad fought valiantly in the South Pacific in 1945. But their importance to the Allied effort was much greater than a handful of pilots and airplanes.

没错,墨西哥。1942年5月，墨西哥合众国向轴心国联盟宣战。他们甚至参加了一些战斗:一个墨西哥战斗机班在1945年南太平洋英勇作战。但他们对盟军的重要性远远超过他们实际参战的少数飞行员和飞机。

重点词句：

valiantly adv. 勇敢地；英勇地

例句：

He faced the enemy valiantly, shuned no difficulties and dangers and would not hesitate to lay down his life if need be.

他英勇对敌，不避艰险，赴汤蹈火在所不计。

He suffered further heart attacks and strokes, all of which he fought valiantly.

他又发作过几次心脏病并中过几次风，他与这一切都作了顽强的斗争。

Significant Contributions巨大的贡献

It is unfortunate that Mexico’s significant contributions are often overlooked. Even before their official declaration of war—and despite the presence of important German interests in the country in the form of iron, hardware, chemicals, and pharmaceutical companies—Mexico closed its ports to German ships and submarines. Had they not, the effect on U.S. shipping might have been disastrous.

不幸的是，墨西哥的重大贡献经常被忽视。甚至在墨西哥正式宣战之前——尽管德国在该国的钢铁、五金、化工和制药公司存在重要利益——墨西哥就对德国船只和潜艇关闭了港口。如果他们不这样做，对美国海运的影响可能是灾难性的。

重点词句：

in the form of 以；以某种形式；的形式

例句：

They received a benefit in the form of a tax reduction.

他们以减税的方式获得了收益。

Help in the form of money will be very welcome.

以钱的形式资助将十分受欢迎。

Mexico’s industrial and mineral production was an important part of the U.S. effort, and the economic importance of the thousands of farmworkers manning the fields while the American men were away cannot be overstated. Also, let us not forget that while Mexico officially only saw a bit of aerial combat, thousands of Mexican servicemen did fight, bleed, and die for the Allied cause, all the while wearing a uniform of the United States.

墨西哥的工业和矿产生产是美国战争贡献的重要组成部分，当美国人在外战斗的时候，墨西哥成千上万的农场工人在田间工作，保证了美国经济的正常运转。此外，让我们不要忘记，虽然墨西哥官方只参加了一点空战，但成千上万的墨西哥军人，身穿美军制服，编入部队，为盟军的事业战斗、流血和牺牲。

重点词句：

can not be overstated

无论怎样夸大都不过分;再强调也不为过

例句：

The seriousness of the crime cannot be overstated.

这一罪行的严重性怎么说也不为过。

His impact on pop music and dance cannot be overstated.

他对流行音乐和舞蹈的影响也是不可估量的。

all the while 一直；始终

例句：

But all the while, you keep leaving yourself behind.

但是，你一直把自己留在身后。

I thought you might perhaps know something of it all the while.

我还一直以为你也许对这件事已经知道一些了。

Mexico in the 1930s1930年代的墨西哥

In the 1930s, Mexico was a devastated land. The Mexican Revolution (1910–1920) had claimed hundreds of thousands of lives; as many more were displaced or saw their homes and cities destroyed. The Revolution was followed by the Cristero War (1926–1929), a series of violent uprisings against the new government. Just as the dust was beginning to settle, the Great Depression started and the Mexican economy suffered badly.

20世纪30年代，墨西哥是一片满目疮痍的土地。墨西哥革命(1910-1920)夺走了数十万人的生命;因为更多的人流离失所，或者看到他们的家园和城市被摧毁。革命之后是克里斯特罗战争(1926-1929)，一系列反对新政府的暴力起义。正当尘埃落定之时，大萧条开始了，墨西哥经济遭受重创。

Life in Mexico did not start to improve until 1934 when the honest reformer Lázaro Cárdenas del Rio took power. He cleaned up as much of the corruption as he could and made great strides toward re-establishing Mexico as a stable, productive nation. He kept Mexico decidedly neutral in the brewing conflict in Europe, even though agents from Germany and the United States continued to try to gain Mexican support. Cárdenas nationalized Mexico's vast oil reserves and the property of foreign oil companies over the protests of the United States, but the U.S., seeing war on the horizon, was forced to accept it.

直到1934年诚实的改革者拉扎罗·卡德纳斯·德尔·里约热内卢上台，墨西哥的生活才开始改善。他尽其所能清除了腐败，并在将墨西哥重建为一个稳定、富有生产力的国家方面取得了巨大进展。尽管来自德国和美国的特工们通过持续努力，试图获得墨西哥的支持，他仍使墨西哥在欧洲酝酿中的冲突中保持绝对的中立。即便在美国的抗议下，Cardenas将墨西哥巨大的石油储备和外国石油公司的财产国有化，但美国看到战争即将爆发，不得不接受这一事实。

重点词句：

make great strides toward

朝……大步前进；朝……目标奋斗

例句：

By working with these cycles as you become aware of them, you will continue to make great strides.

通过与这些周期的合作，你们就变得更加了解它们，你们也将继续突飞猛进。

Along with the pipeline construction developing towards high pressure, big size and high grade of steel, the pipeline welding shall make great strides toward high efficiency and high quality.

随着管道建设朝着高压力、大管径、高钢级的方向发展，要求管道焊接必须朝着高效优质的方向迈进。

The attitude of many Mexicans was colored by historical grievances with the U.S.: the loss of Texas and the American west, intervention during the revolution, and repeated incursions into Mexican territory caused a lot of resentment. Some Mexicans felt that the United States was not to be trusted. These Mexicans did not know what to think: some felt that they should join the Axis cause against their old antagonist, while others did not want to give the Americans an excuse to invade again and counseled strict neutrality

许多墨西哥人对美国的所作所为不满，影响了他们的态度：德克萨斯洲和西部并入美国。美国对墨西哥革命的干涉，以及对墨西哥领土的多次入侵，都引起了很多怨恨。一些墨西哥人认为美国不值得信任。这些墨西哥人不知道该怎么想:一些人认为他们应该加入轴心国，反对他们的老对手，而另一些人不想给美国人一个再次入侵的借口，并建议严格保持中立。

重点词句：

historic grievance历史上的不满

例句：

Historic grievances with Janpan made Honda a protested target in South Korea.

对日本历史上的不满，使得本田在韩国成为抗议的对象。

Manuel Ávila Camacho and Support for the U.S.曼努埃尔·阿维拉卡马乔对美国的支持

In 1940, Mexico elected conservative PRI (Revolutionary Party) candidate Manuel Ávila Camacho. From the start of his term, Ávila decided to stick with the United States. While at first many of his fellow Mexicans disapproved of his support for their traditional foe to the north and railed against Ávila. When Pearl Harbor was attacked in December 1941, Mexico was one of the first countries to pledge support and aid and it severed all diplomatic ties with the Axis powers. At a conference in Rio de Janeiro of Latin American foreign ministers in January 1942, the Mexican delegation convinced many other countries to follow suit and break ties with the Axis powers.

1940年，墨西哥选举了革命制度党(PRI)保守派候选人曼努埃尔·阿维拉·卡马乔。从他的任期开始，阿维拉就决定支持美国。起初，他的许多墨西哥同胞不赞成他支持北方的老对手，并指责阿维拉。当1941年12月珍珠港遭到袭击时，墨西哥是最早承诺提供支持和援助的国家之一，并断绝了与轴心国的所有外交关系。1942年1月在巴西里约热内卢举行的拉丁美洲外交部长会议上，墨西哥代表团说服了其他国家中断与轴心国的关系。

重点词句：

fellow

n. （非正式）男人，男孩，家伙；男朋友；同事，朋友；（某些学院或大学的）董事；（学术或专业团体的）会员；同类物；（接受奖学金的）研究生

adj. 同类的，同伴的，同事的，同道的

例句：

My fellow Chinese 我的中国同胞

My fellow travellers made good companions.

与我同路旅行的人成了我的好同伴。

follow suit

跟着做；学样;鹦鹉学舌

例句：

It won so many customers that other operators had to follow suit.

它赢得了如此多的客户以致于其它运营商不得不跟着做。

Might these encourage others to follow suit?

这会不会鼓励别人的跟风？

Mexico saw immediate rewards for its support. U.S. capital flowed into Mexico, building factories for wartime needs. The U.S. purchased Mexican oil and sent technicians to quickly build up Mexican mining operations for much-needed metals like mercury, zinc, copper and more. The Mexican armed forces were built up with U.S. weapons and training. Loans were made to stabilize and boost industry and security.

墨西哥对美国的支持立即得到了回报。美国资本流入墨西哥，为战争物资需要大量建造工厂。美国购买了墨西哥的石油，并派遣技术人员迅速建立墨西哥的采矿业务，以开采汞、锌、铜等急需的金属。墨西哥武装部队在美国的武器和训练下建立起来。美国提供贷款用于振兴工业和维稳。

重点词句：

build up with 用…打造；由…建立

例句：

Build it up with iron bars.

用铁条把它建起来。

The house was build up with woods.

房子是由木材打造的。

Benefits up North来自北方的利益

This invigorated partnership also paid great dividends for the United States of America. For the first time, an official, organized program for migrant farmworkers was developed and thousands of Mexican “braceros” (literally, “arms”) flowed north to harvest crops. Mexico produced important wartime goods such as textiles and construction materials. In addition, thousands of Mexicans—some estimates reach as high as a half-million—joined the U.S. armed forces and fought valiantly in Europe and the Pacific. Many were second or third generation and had grown up in the U.S., while others had been born in Mexico. Citizenship was automatically granted to veterans, and thousands settled in their new homes after the war.

火热的双方关系同样为美国带来了红利，第一个官方有组织的农民移民项目建立起来，数千名墨西哥农民北上投入到农业项目中。墨西哥生产了很多战时必需品例如纺织品和建材。再加上，数千墨西哥人—一些人认为有将近五十万墨西哥人加入了美军，参加了欧洲和太平洋战争。很多第二代和第三代在美国长大的墨西哥后裔，甚至一些在墨西哥出生的人因为服役，自动成为了美国公民，战后数千人安居在美国的新家。

重点词句：

settle in v. 迁入;安家

例句：

He took a long time to settle in to big-time football.

他花了很长时间才在第一流的足球运动中立足。

Fitzgibbon says all locally hired employees and their families will be eligible to settle in Australia.

菲茨吉本说，所有在当地征召的雇员和他们的家属都会合法在澳大利亚定居。