8-3-3 PERI,PIRI,PARA=“around(在…周围), through(通过),forward(向前)”

PERI,PIRI,PARA=“around(在…周围), through(通过),forward(向前)”

根据字母互换原则: a-e-i-o-u可互换也可添加/删除,所以前缀PERI-,PIRI,PARA-可互换,主要意思是"around, about(在…周围), enclosing(围绕的),”来自希腊文peri (prep.) "around, about, beyond,”(与其同源的梵语记录是pari "around, about, through,” 拉丁文写成per,原始印欧语系词根记载是*per- (1) "forward, through" (see per).) 前缀PER-来自拉丁文per"through, during, by means of, on account of, as in,"原始印欧语系词根记载是*per- (1) "Base of prepositions and preverbs with the basic meanings of 'forward,' ‘through,’其扩展意义很广: 'in front of,' 'before,' 'early,' 'first,' 'chief,' 'toward,' 'against,' 'near,' 'at,' ‘around’"(与其同源的希腊文peri"around, about, near, beyond," paros "before," para "from beside, beyond," pro "before;"拉丁文pro "before, for, on behalf of(代表), instead of," porro"forward," prae "before;"古英语写成fore (prep.) "before, in front of;" (adv.) "before, previously;”),请参考。

expert ['ekspә:t] n.专家,行家,[军](特等)射手 adj.老练的,内行的,专门的 vt.在...中当行家,当专家

【Word Origin】late 14c., from Old French expert and directly from Latin expertus, past participle of experiri "to try, test" (see experience). The noun sense of "person wise through experience" existed 15c., reappeared 1825. Related: Expertly. ⭐️⭐️

【Vocabulary Builder】ex- "out"+per(t) "to try, test" 

expertise [ekspә:'ti:z] n.专家的意见,专门技术

【Word Origin】1868, from French expertise (16c.) "expert appraisal, expert's report," from expert (see expert). Earlier in same sense was expertness (c.1600). ⭐️⭐️

【Vocabulary Builder】expert+ise(n.) appraisal [ә'preiz(ә)l] n.评价,估价(尤指估价财产,以便征税),鉴定

experiment [ik'sperimәnt] n.实验,试验 vi.进行实验,做试验

【Word Origin】mid-14c., from Old French esperment "practical knowledge, cunning, enchantment; trial, proof, example, lesson," from Latin experimentum "a trial, test, proof, experiment," noun of action from experiri"to test, try" (see experience (n.)). ⭐️

【Vocabulary Builder】ex- "out"+peri "to test,try"+ment(n. & v.) cunning ['kʌniŋ] adj.狡猾的,巧妙的,<美>漂亮的,可爱的 n.狡猾,诡诈 enchantment [in'tʃa:ntmәnt] n.迷惑,着迷,魔法,妖术,魅力 trial ['traiәl] n.试验,考验,审讯,审判 proof [pru:f] n.证据,试验,考验,[印刷]校样 adj.不能透入的,证明用的,防...的,有耐力的 vt.检验,校对,使不被穿透

experimental [ik'speriment(ә)l] adj.实验的,根据实验的

【Word Origin】mid 15c., "having experience," from experiment (n.) + -al. Meaning "based on experience" is from 1560s. Meaning "for the sake of experiment" is from 1792 (as in Experimental farm). ⭐️⭐️⭐️

【Vocabulary Builder】experiment+al(adj.) for the sake of 为了,因为... Experimental farm n.试验农场

experimentation [ikˏsperimen'teiʃәn] n.实验,试验,实验法

【Word Origin】1670s; see experiment (v.) + -ation. ⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️

paradise ['pærәdais] n.天堂,乐园,伊甸园

【Word Origin】late 12c., "Garden of Eden," from Old French paradis"paradise, Garden of Eden" (11c.), from Late Latin paradisus, from Greek paradeisos "park, paradise, Garden of Eden," from an Iranian source similar to Avestan pairidaeza "enclosure, park" (Modern Persian and Arabic firdaus"garden, paradise"), compound of pairi- "around" + diz "to make, form (a wall)." The first element is cognate with Greek peri- "around, about" (see per), the second is from PIE root *dheigh- "to form, build" (see dough). The Greek word, originally used for an orchard or hunting park in Persia, was used in Septuagint to mean "Garden of Eden," and in New Testament translations of Luke xxiii:43 to mean "heaven" (a sense attested in English from c.1200). Meaning "place like or compared to Paradise" is from c.1300. ⭐️⭐️⭐️

【Vocabulary Builder】para- "around"+dise "to make,form (a wall)" Eden [i:d(ә)n] n.[圣经]伊甸园,乐园 enclosure [in'klәuʒә(r)] n.围住,围栏,四周有篱笆或围墙的场地 dough [dәu] n.生面团,<美俚> 钱,金钱 orchard ['ɔ:tʃәd] n.果园,果园里的全部果树,<美俚>棒球场 Persia ['pә:ʃә] n.波斯(西南亚国家,现在的伊朗) Septuagint ['septjuәdʒint] (公元前3世纪左右完成的)<<旧约圣经>>的希腊文译本 testament ['testәmәnt] n.遗嘱,圣约书

Revision: 

expert expertise experiment experimental experimentation paradise

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