8-3-1 PERI,PIRI,PARA=“around(在…周围), through(通过),forward(向前)”

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PERI,PIRI,PARA=“around(在…周围), through(通过),forward(向前)”

根据字母互换原则: a-e-i-o-u可互换也可添加/删除,所以前缀PERI-,PIRI,PARA-可互换,主要意思是"around, about(在…周围), enclosing(围绕的),”来自希腊文peri (prep.) "around, about, beyond,”(与其同源的梵语记录是pari "around, about, through,” 拉丁文写成per,原始印欧语系词根记载是*per- (1) "forward, through" (see per).) 前缀PER-来自拉丁文per"through, during, by means of, on account of, as in,"原始印欧语系词根记载是*per- (1) "Base of prepositions and preverbs with the basic meanings of 'forward,' ‘through,’其扩展意义很广: 'in front of,' 'before,' 'early,' 'first,' 'chief,' 'toward,' 'against,' 'near,' 'at,' ‘around’"(与其同源的希腊文peri"around, about, near, beyond," paros "before," para "from beside, beyond," pro "before;"拉丁文pro "before, for, on behalf of(代表), instead of," porro"forward," prae "before;"古英语写成fore (prep.) "before, in front of;" (adv.) "before, previously;”),请参考。

period ['piәriәd] n.时期,学时,节,句点,周期,(妇女的)经期 adj.过去某段时期的

【Word Origin】early 15c., "course or extent of time," from Middle French periode (14c.) and directly from Medieval Latin periodus "recurring portion, cycle," from Latin periodus "a complete sentence," also "cycle of the Greek games," from Greek periodos "cycle, circuit, period of time," literally "a going around," from peri- "around" (see peri-) + hodos "a going, way, journey" (see cede). ⭐️

【Vocabulary Builder】peri- "around"+od "way" recuring [ri'kә:riŋ] adj.反复出现的,循环的 portion ['pɔ:ʃ(ә)n] n.部分 circuit ['sә:kit] n.电路,一圈,周游,巡回

periodical [piәri'ɔdik(ә)l] adj.周期的 n.期刊,杂志

【Word Origin】c.1600, from periodic + -al . As a noun meaning "magazine published at regular intervals," attested from 1798. Related: Periodically. ⭐️

【Vocabulary Builder】period+ical(adj.) interval ['intәv(ә)l] n.间隔,距离,幕间休息 n.时间间隔

periscope ['periskәup] n.潜望镜,展望镜

【Word Origin】viewing apparatus on a submarine, 1899, formed in English from peri- "around" + -scope "instrument for viewing." Earlier (1865) a technical term in photography. Related: Periscopic. ⭐️⭐️⭐️

【Vocabulary Builder】peri- "around"+scope "instrument for viewing" microscope ['maikrәskәup] n.显微镜 telescope ['teliskәup] n.望远镜 apparatus [æpә'reitәs; (-) æpә'rætәs] n.器械,设备,仪器 submarine [sʌbmә'ri:n] n.潜水艇,潜艇 adj.水下的,海底的 photography [fә'tɔgrәfi] n.摄影,摄影术

perianth ['periænθ] n.[植]花被

【Word Origin】"envelope of a flower," 1706, from French périanthe, from Modern Latin perianthium (17c.), literally "that which is round the flower," from peri- (see peri-) + Greek anthos "flower" (see anther). ⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️

【Vocabulary Builder】peri- "around"+anth "flower" envelope ['envәlәup] n.信封,封套,封袋,[天]包层,[数]包迹,[生]包膜

perimeter [pә'rimitә(r)] n.[树数] 周长,周界

【Word Origin】early 15c., "line around a figure or surface," from Latin perimetros, from Greek perimetron "circumference," from peri- "around" (see peri-) + metron "measure" (see meter (n.2)). Military sense of "boundary of a defended position" is attested from 1943. ⭐️⭐️

【Vocabulary Builder】peri- "around"+meter "measure" circumference [sә:'kʌmfәrәns] n.圆周,周围 boundary ['baundәri] n.边界,分界线

periodontal [ˏperiәu'dɔntәl]adj.牙齿周围的,齿根膜的

【Word Origin】1848, literally "around the tooth," from peri- "around"+ Greek odon (genitive odontos) "tooth" (see tooth). ⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️

peripatetic [peripә'tetik] adj.逍遥学派的,走来走去的 n.逍遥学派的人

【Word Origin】c.1400, "disciple of Aristotle," from Old French perypatetique (14c.), from Latin peripateticus "pertaining to the disciples or philosophy of Aristotle," from Greek peripatetikos "given to walking about" (especially while teaching), from peripatein "walk up and down, walk about," from peri- "around" (see peri-) + patein "to walk, tread" (see find(v.)). Aristotle's custom was to teach while strolling through the Lyceum in Athens. In English, the philosophical meaning is older than that of "person who wanders about" (1610s). ⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️

【Vocabulary Builder】peri- "around"+pate(t) "to walk"+ic(adj. & n.) disciple [di'saip(ә)l] n.信徒,弟子,门徒 Aristotle [ˈæristɔtl] n.亚里斯多德(古希腊大哲学家,科学家) stroll [strәul] n.漫步,闲逛,四处流浪 v.闲逛,漫步,跋涉于 lyceum [lai'si:әm] n.学园(古希腊哲学家讲的园林),学术讲演的会堂