Cigarettes Cause More Health Problems Than Just Lung Cancer

A new report from the United States surgeon general finds that smoking tobacco is even deadlier than had been known. 

美国卫生部长的一份新报告发现，吸烟甚至比已知的更致命。

The report says smoking causes birth defects - a leading cause of death among babies. It also links smoking to cancer of the liver and colon, diabetes and other diseases.

报告说，吸烟导致出生缺陷——婴儿死亡的主要原因吸烟还与肝癌、结肠癌、糖尿病和其他疾病有关。

The first U.S. surgeon general's report on tobacco and health was released in 1964. It was the first scientific report to link smoking with lung cancer and heart disease. 

1964年，美国卫生部长发表了第一份关于烟草与健康的报告这是第一份将吸烟与肺癌和心脏病联系起来的科学报告。

Now, 50 years later, Acting Surgeon General Boris Lushniak has released a new report. His report provides more evidence about smoking tobacco and how it can harm health.

50年后的今天，代理外科医生鲍里斯·卢什尼亚克发布了一份新的报告他的报告提供了更多关于吸烟和吸烟如何危害健康的证据。

"If we're going to work together to achieve a society free of tobacco-related disease, this must be understood," said Lushniak.

卢什尼亚克说：“如果我们要共同努力，实现一个没有烟草相关疾病的社会，这一点必须到理解。”

The new report urges increased use of tobacco-control measures. The suggested controls include raising prices of cigarettes, and expanding bans on smoking in enclosed spaces. 

新报告敦促更多地使用烟草控制措施。建议的控制措施包括提高香烟价格，以及扩大对封闭空间内吸烟的禁令。

The 2014 report calls for research on whether lowing the amount of nicotine in cigarettes could help people stop smoking. It also contains new findings. 

2014年的报告呼吁研究降低香烟中尼古丁的含量是否有助于人们戒烟。它也包含了新的发现。

"Today we know that smoking is a cause of diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and poor response to treatment of arthritis, erectile dysfunction, and increased risk of tuberculosis, disease and death. We're adding colon, rectal and liver cancer to the long list of cancers caused by smoking," said Lushniak.

“今天我们知道吸烟是导致糖尿病、类风湿性关节炎和对关节炎、勃起功能障碍的不良反应的一个原因，并且增加了患结核病、疾病和死亡的风险。卢什尼亚克说：“我们把结肠癌、直肠癌和肝癌列为吸烟引起的一长串癌症。

Doctor Lushniak also said smoking suppresses the body's natural defenses for fighting disease. He said this increases a smoker's likelihood of getting an infectious disease. 

卢什尼亚克医生还说，吸烟会抑制人体抵抗疾病的自然防御能力。他说这增加了吸烟者感染传染病的可能性。

"One of the most disturbing findings is that the disease risks from smoking by women have risen sharply over the last fifty years. Women are now as likely to die from smoking as men, women smokers' risk of lung cancer is now the same as men, and more women die from chronic lung disease than men," said Lushniak.

“最令人不安的发现之一是，在过去50年中，妇女吸烟的疾病风险急剧上升。卢什尼亚克说：“女性现在和男性一样死于吸烟，女性吸烟者患肺癌的风险现在和男性一样，死于慢性肺病的女性比男性多。”

The new report finds that those who do not smoke are at a higher risk for stroke if left unprotected from tobacco smoke. The latest research also shows damage to unborn children. 

新报告发现，那些不吸烟的人如果不吸烟，中风的风险更高。最新的研究也显示了对未出生的孩子的伤害。

Babies are more likely to be born with cleft palate if the mother smokes. The chemicals in tobacco smoke can have lasting effects on brain development in a fetus. 

如果母亲吸烟，婴儿出生时更有可能患有腭裂。烟草烟雾中的化学物质会对胎儿的大脑发育产生持久的影响。

The surgeon general would like to see more action to keep young people from developing a smoking habit. He supports higher prices on cigarettes, more anti-smoking media campaigns and more help for people who want to quit smoking. 

外科主任希望看到更多的行动，防止年轻人养成吸烟的习惯他支持提高香烟的价格，支持更多的反吸烟媒体活动，支持更多帮助想戒烟的人。