Soft-drink makes Kids be Aggressive

A new study has found evidence of aggressive behavior in children who drink four or more servings of soft drinks every day. Information for the study came from the mothers of 3,000 5-year-olds. 

一项新的研究发现，每天喝四份或更多软饮料的儿童有攻击性行为的证据。

这项研究的资料来自3000名5岁儿童的母亲。

Researchers asked the women to keep a record of how many servings of soft drinks their children drank over a two-month period. The women were also asked to complete a checklist of their children's behavior.

研究人员要求这些女性记录下她们的孩子在两个月内喝了多少软饮料。

这些妇女还被要求填写一份她们孩子的行为清单。

The researchers found that 43 percent of the boys and girls drank at least one daily serving of soda, 4 percent of the youngsters had four or more sodas to drink every day.

研究人员发现，43%的男孩和女孩每天至少喝一杯汽水，4%的年轻人每天喝四杯或更多汽水。

Shakira Suglia is with Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health in New York City. 

夏奇拉·苏格利亚在纽约哥伦比亚大学Mailman公共卫生学院工作。

She worked on the study with researchers from the University of Vermont and Harvard University School of Public Health. 

她与佛蒙特大学和哈佛大学公共卫生学院的研究人员一起进行了这项研究。

She says they found that children who drank the most soda were more than two times as likely as those who drank no soda to show signs of aggression.

她说，他们发现喝最多苏打水的孩子比不喝汽水的孩子更容易表现出攻击性。

"For the children who consumed four or more soft drinks per day, we see an association between aggressive behaviors, attention problems and withdrawn behaviors." 

“对于每天喝四杯或更多软饮料的儿童，我们发现攻击性行为、注意力问题和退缩行为之间存在关联。”

The aggressive behaviors included destroying possessions belonging to others, taking part in fights and physically attacking people. 

攻击性行为包括破坏他人财物、打架斗殴和人身攻击。

Shakira Suglia says the researchers identified the link after they considered socio-demographic factors like the child's age and sex. 

夏奇拉·苏格利亚说，研究人员在考虑了诸如孩子的年龄和性别等社会人口因素后确定了这种联系。

They also considered other possible influences, such as whether the boys and girls were eating sweets or given fruit drinks on a normal day. 

他们还考虑了其他可能的影响，比如男孩和女孩是否在正常的一天吃糖果或喝水果饮料。

In addition, the researchers examined parenting styles and other social conditions that might be taking place in the home.

此外，研究人员还调查了家庭中可能发生的父母教养方式和其他社会状况。

Doctor Suglia says it's not clear why young children who drink a lot of soda have behavior problems.

苏格利亚医生说，现在还不清楚为什么喝很多汽水的小孩会有行为问题。

"We can't prove that this is a direct cause and effect relationship, having said that, there are a lot of ingredients in soda, a lot of ingredients that have not been examined in relation to behavior." 

“我们不能证明这是一种直接的因果关系，尽管如此，汽水中有很多成分，很多成分还没有经过与行为相关的检查。”

A substance often found in soft drinks is caffeine, which helps to make people feel energized.

在软饮料中经常发现的一种物质是咖啡因，它有助于使人感到精力充沛。

Doctor Suglia suggests that caffeine could be causing the 5-year-olds to be more aggressive. The research is part of a larger study called the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, it follows 5,000 poor mothers and their children in 20 American cities.

苏格利亚医生认为，咖啡因可能会导致5岁的孩子更具攻击性。这项研究是一项名为“脆弱家庭与儿童福祉研究”的大型研究的一部分，该研究跟踪了美国20个城市的5000名贫困母亲及其子女。

Earlier studies of young adults have found the highest sugar levels in those who carry weapons and show signs of negative social behaviors.

早期对年轻人的研究发现，携带武器并有消极社会行为迹象的人的糖分水平最高。