2册-076**********************

【对应原书85课】

1. 定语从句都可以“瘦身”为分词后置定语么？

I have just received a letter from my old school, informing me that my former headmaster, Mr. Stuart Page, will be retiring next week.

1）分词后置定语

注意，这里的informing me that...是分词后置定语修饰letter，相当于which informs me that ... .我们之前学过：分词后置定语相当于定语从句的简化。

复习：是不是所有定语从句都可以简化为分词后置定语？

答：不是的

简化需要两个条件：

1）_____________ 【听记1】

2）_____________ 【听记2】

举例： 

The man who is yelling at Michael is his dad  

= The man yelling at Michael is his dad.

The man who was yelling at Michael is his dad.

不能改成The man yelling at Michael is his dad.

The man who was yelling at Michael yesterday is his dad.

= The man yelling at Michael yesterday is his dad.

The man who has yelled at Michael many times is his dad.

不可以改成：The man having yelled at Michael many times is his dad.

The man Michael is yelling at is his dad.

不可以改成分词结构。

2. 做后置定语的并列形容词：

Pupils of the school, old and new, will be sending him a present to mark the occasion.

1）pupil这个词主要用在英式英语中表示学生，尤指小学生，现在有点过时，现在更多人用student。

这里的形容词old and new作为非限制性的后置定语，但具有状语的意味，相当于一个让步状语whether they are old or new。

更多例子：

All countries around the world, large and small, should be equal.

伦敦市长（Ken Livingstone）：

“I want to say one thing specifically tothe world today. This was not a terrorist attack against the mighty（强大的） and the powerful. Itwas not aimed at Presidents or Prime Ministers. It was aimed at ordinary,working-class Londoners,black and white, Muslim and Christian, Hinduand Jew, young and old.”

场景造句：

Steven has read a wide variety of books , ancient and modern , Chinese and foreign.

People in this city , young and old , rich and poor, are friendly and easy-going.

3. We shall all remember Mr. Page for his patience and understanding and for the kindly encouragement he gave us when we went so unwillingly to school.

语言点解析：

We shall all remember Mr. Page for A and B and for C. 

remember sb for sth  

People will always remember Newton for his great contribution to science.

We will always remember these heroes for the extraordinary sacrifice they made for our country.

双重并列：for A and B and for C.

大家和下面这句比较一下：

We shall all remember Mr.Page for his patience, understanding and encouragement.

模仿造句：

I would like to thank you all for your love and help and for the unyielding support you gave me.

你见过“套娃”式的从句么？

the kindly encouragement he gave us / when we went so unwillingly to school.注意，在定语从句中有一个“内部的状语从句”

造句：

I would like to thank you for the unyielding support /（第一层）you gave me /（第二层）when I was facing the biggest difficulty /(第三层)I had ever had in my life.

看看，像不像“套娃”：

4. One is never too old to learn.为啥表示“活到老，学到老”？

语言解析：重新理解：too ... to句型  

1）too A to do B  

too... to句型本质功能是表达“_______”：（注意: to后面常常含否定意思）

Sam is too shy to ask for help . = Sam is so shy that he won’t ask for help.

The kids are too young to understand Shakespeare’s plays.

= The kids are so young that they can’t understand Shakespeare’s plays.

2）否定句型： 如果前面有never：never too A to do B .

One is never too old to learn.            

=One can always learn no matter how old he/she is .

“You are never too old to learn something new, or too young to learn too much.”

It's never too late to mend.  

It is never too late to start over .

经典表达：too good to be true

The hotel is too good to be true.

= The hotel is so good that it is hard to believe it is true.

注意：“The hotel is too beautiful to be true.”在不同语境下意思有什么不同？

听记答案： 

1.关系代词在定语从句中充当主语

2.简化后不能有歧义

3.因果逻辑