2月3日英语：研究:考前化妆成绩更好

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Keeping secrets bad for you

研究:保密会降低幸福感

A new study has looked into the secret-keeping habits of thousands of people - as well as examining a grand total of 13,000 secrets between them. 

一项新研究调查了数千人的保密习惯，并分析了这些人保有的总计1.3万个秘密。

The research, led by professor of management at Columbia Business School Michael Slepian, looked at the secrets collected over the course of 10 previous studies to come up with 38 common categories, ranging from cheating on a test to hiding their sexuality to sleeping with another's spouse. 

这项研究是由哥伦比亚商学院管理学教授迈克尔·斯莱皮恩带头开展的，分析了此前10项研究收集的秘密，然后将其分为考试作弊、隐瞒性取向、与人夫/人妻偷情等38种常见类型。

The researchers found that the average person was carrying 13 of the 38 secrets at any one time. They also looked into the way keeping them affects behavior and health. 

研究人员发现，普通人在任何时候都有38类秘密中的13种。他们还研究保密对个人行为和健康的影响。

Keeping secrets can have detrimental consequences for a person's well-being. In particular, they examined how participants reported feeling inauthentic when they mused on the secrets that burdened them. 

保守秘密会对一个人的幸福生活产生不利影响。他们特别调查了研究参与者反馈的在沉思自己费心保守的秘密时的不真实感。

The only way to keep yourself from feeling these negative thoughts, Slepian believes, is to just think about secrets less - given the study found that the secrets themselves didn't lower well-being, but rather the thought of them did.

斯莱皮恩认为，让自己不去感受这些消极想法的唯一方法就是尽量少想这些秘密。因为这项研究发现，导致幸福感降低的是人们对秘密的想法，而不是秘密本身。

重点单词：

1、 spouse

英 /spaʊs; spaʊz/  美 /spaʊs,spaʊz/

n. 配偶

vt. 和…结婚

2、 detrimental

英 /ˌdetrɪˈmentl/  美 /ˌdetrɪˈmentl/

adj. 不利的；有害的

n. 有害的人（或物）；不受欢迎的求婚者

3、inauthentic

英 /ˌɪnɔːˈθentɪk/ 美 /ˌɪnɔːˈθentɪk/

adj. 不真实的；不可靠的；假的

4、muse

英 /mjuːz/  美 /mjuːz/

n. 沉思；冥想

vt. 沉思；沉思地说

vi. 沉思；凝望

Alcohol alters a baby's face

孕妇饮酒影响婴儿颜值

Just a couple of glasses of wine during pregnancy could alter your child's facial features, a new study claims. 

一项新研究称，怀孕期间只喝几杯酒就会改变胎儿的面部特征。

It has long been seen that alcohol can affect a fetus, causing developmental delays in the brain. In the more severe cases, those delays can trigger facial defects. 

长期以来，人们一直认为酒精会影响胎儿，导致大脑发育迟缓。在更为严重的情况下，发育迟缓会引发面部缺陷。

However, a new study published in JAMA Pediatrics has found that small quantities of alcohol could alter a child's face without necessarily causing cognitive issues. 

然而，一项刊登在《美国医学会小儿科期刊》上的新研究发现，少量饮酒不一定会导致孩子出现认知方面的问题，但可能改变孩子的容貌。

Researchers analyzed photographs of 415 babies' faces to detect a series of subtle differences connected to alcohol consumption - such as a slighter shorter, upturned nose. 

研究人员对415个婴儿脸部的照片进行分析，以查明鼻子微微变短、上翻等一系列与酒精摄入有关的细微差异。

However, they said they do not have any evidence to show these delays in facial development are harmful in any other way than aesthetic. 

不过，他们表示除了审美方面的问题，没有任何证据显示这种面部发育迟缓存在任何危害。

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention warns that there is no known safe amount of alcohol use during pregnancy or while trying to get pregnant. There is also no safe time during pregnancy to drink. All types of alcohol are equally harmful. 

美国疾病预防控制中心警告称，尚无已知的孕期和备孕期的安全饮酒量。怀孕期间也没有饮酒安全期。所有类型的酒都一样有害。

重点词汇：

1、fetus

英 /ˈfiːtəs/ 美 /ˈfiːtəs/

n. 胎儿，胎

2、defects

英 /dɪ'fekts/ 美 /dɪ'fɛkts/

n. 缺点；瑕疵；不合格品（defect的复数）

v. 叛变（defect的三单形式）

3、Pediatrics

英 /,piːdɪ'ætrɪks/ 美 /,pidi'ætrɪks/

n. 小儿科

4、aesthetic

英 /iːsˈθetɪk; esˈθetɪk/ 美 /esˈθetɪk/

adj. 美的；美学的；审美的，具有审美趣味的

In-laws blamed for rows

英过半夫妻因父母吵架

More than half of married British people blame their in-laws for relationship rows and around one in five would divorce them if they could, a study has found. 

一项研究发现，超过半数的英国已婚人士责怪伴侣的父母导致夫妻争吵，约1/5的人表示，如果可能的话愿意与他们脱离关系。

The top reasons for tension include in-laws giving unwanted opinions, partners taking their parents' side, and disagreements over how to discipline grandchildren. 

导致夫妻关系紧张的主要原因包括：伴侣的父母给出多余的建议、伴侣站在父母一边以及对于如何管教孩子存在分歧。

Almost a third of those surveyed described their partners' parents as "interfering", with those who clashed with in-laws exchanging cross words on average once a month. 

近1/3的受访者称伴侣的父母"多管闲事"，与伴侣的父母不和的人平均一个月要与对方争执一次。

2,000 married Britons took part in the study by law firm Slater and Gordon, which said issues with extended family are often cited as a reason for divorce. 

2000名英国已婚人士参加了斯莱特和戈登律所的这项调查。该律所称，人们经常把与大家庭之间的矛盾列为离婚的原因之一。

Slater and Gordon said the rising cost of living means many adults borrow money from parents for large purchases, such as buying a house, and 19% of those surveyed believed in-laws expected more of a say in their lives in return.

该律所表示，生活成本的上升意味着很多成年人从父母那里借钱来添置大件，比如买房。19%的受访者认为，作为交换，伴侣的父母希望在他们的生活中拥有更大的话语权。

重点词汇：

1、in-laws

美 /ˈɪn lɔːz/

n. 姻亲（无血缘关系的亲戚）

Make-up gives better results

研究:考前化妆成绩更好 

Women have long known how that extra flick of eyeliner or dash of lipstick can boost their confidence. 

女性早就知道涂点眼线或唇膏可以增强信心。

And now, it seems, it's also more likely to help them pass exams. Research shows that women who put on make-up before taking a test achieved 10 to 20% higher marks than those who did not wear any. 

如今看来，这么做还可能帮助她们通过考试。研究显示，考前化妆的女性比不化妆的女性的成绩要高出10-20%。

Psychologists say the result could be down to the "lipstick effect", whereby using make-up boosts self-esteem and has a knock-on effect on memory, confidence and mental ability. 

心理学家称，该结果可归因于"口红效应"，即通过化妆提升自尊心，对记忆力、自信心和心智能力产生连锁反应。

The study involved 200 female undergraduates, all studying the same subject with similar self-esteem, make-up habits and IQs. 

200名女性本科生参与了这项研究，她们所有人不仅学习相同的科目，且自尊心、化妆习惯和智商也都类似。

The women were randomly split into three groups and asked to put on make-up, listen to music or draw. All then took an exam based on a chapter of a textbook they had just read. 

这些女性被随机分为三组，分别被要求化妆、听音乐或画画。之后所有人就刚看过的一本教科书的某个章节参加总分30分的考试。

Results showed the women who used cosmetics scored an average of 24.2 out of 30, compared to 19.9 and 22 in the other groups. 

结果显示，化妆的女性平均分为24.2分，相较而言，另两组的平均分为19.9分和22分。

The researchers, from Harvard Medical School and Chieti University in Italy, said: "Women may use make-up to increase self-esteem; this makes them feel better during stress. Positive emotions increase information accessible in memory." 

来自哈佛大学医学院和意大利基耶蒂大学的研究人员称："女性可能会利用化妆来增强自信心；这使她们紧张的情绪有所缓解。积极的情绪有助于调取记忆中的信息。"

重点词汇：

1、flick

英 /flɪk/ 美 /flɪk/

n. (Flick) （美、澳、德、法、英、意、葡）弗利克（人名）

n. 弹开；快速的轻打；轻打声；飞快翻阅；电影（非正式）

v. 轻弹；忽然摇动；轻轻拂去；用（鞭）抽打

2、self-esteem

英 /ˌself ɪˈstiːm/ 美 /ˌself ɪˈstiːm/

n. 自尊；自负；自大

3、knock-on

英 /'nɔkɔn/ 美 /ˌnɑːk ˈɑːn/

n. 附带效果；间接影响；用手的向前击球（一种犯规动作）

adj. 使产生连锁反应的；有间接影响的

v. 用手或臂向前击（球）

Here are some words you should know from today's news

No.1   inauthentic

In particular, they examined how participants reported feeling inauthentic when they mused on the secrets that burdened them. 

No.2  fetus

It has long been seen that alcohol can infect a fetus, causing developmental delays in the brain.

No.3  pediatrics

However, a new study published in JAMA Pediatrics has found that small quantities of alcohol could alter a child's face without necessarily causing cognitive issues. 

No.4  in-laws

More than half of married British people blame their in-laws for relationship rows and around one in five would divorce them if they could, a study has found. 

No.5  self-esteem

No.6  knock-on

Psychologists say the result could be down to the "lipstick effect", whereby using make-up boosts self-esteem and has a knock-on effect on memory, confidence and mental ability. 

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That's all for today. Thanks for listening. See you tomorrow！

总策划：韩鹤

主播：Jocelyn Eikenburg

剪辑：马芮

编辑：韩鹤

文稿来源：中国日报网