E62 秉公启奏，谏争如流

E62 秉公启奏，谏争如流
2023.09.27
夏鹏
难度：CSE7
课程导读

上节课我们讲到，苏东坡面对新政有好多话要说，虽任职史官，官卑职小，但依然给皇帝上了两次奏折，奏折内容洋洋洒洒，包罗万象，直言无讳。今天这节课，我们将继续学习他是如何劝说皇帝的？皇帝是否会听谏言于他？一起进入今天的课程。

英文原文

"In all things, great and small, one should not depend on force, but must observe reason and the nature of things.

For in all things done according to reason one is bound to succeed, and in all undertakings against reason one is doomed to fail.

Now Your Majesty has compelled the farmers to pay you high interest, and you have entered into competition with businessmen for profits.

Is this in accordance with nature, and do you wonder that it has failed? ...

If Your Majesty has the welfare of the people truly at heart, the people would show confidence in you despite all rumors; but if you are going only after revenue, the people can hardly be convinced by words.

If a judge receives presents from a defendant and lets himself be influenced in his decision, people will say that he has been bribed; and if a man takes what does not belong to him people will call him a thief.

That would only be calling a thing by its right name.

Now, you are receiving twenty per cent interest from the farmers' loans, yet you insist that you are not making these loans for interest.

How are the people to believe you?...

A man is condemned by his acts and not by what he professes to do...

All this commotion is because the whole country is coming to believe that Your Majesty is looking for the revenue, while you maintain that you are working only for their good.

While you insist that you are totally disinterested, the whole world thinks that you are avaricious."

生词好句

1.observe reason
遵循理性（obey reason）

2.be bound to
一定（must）

3.be doomed to
注定（失败）
拓展:
doom v. 注定
Doomsday 审判日

4.compel
英 [kəmˈpel]美 [kəmˈpel]
v. 逼迫（force）

5.enter into competition
进入竞争
拓展:
You have competed with businessmen for profits.
与商人争利。

6.the welfare of
......的福祉
拓展:
welfare society 小康社会

7.rumor
英 [ˈruːmə]美 [ˈruːmə]
n. 谣言

8.revenue
英 [ˈrevənjuː]美 [ˈrevənjuː]
n. 财政收入

9.be convinced by
被说服（be reasoned by）

10.defendant
英 [dɪˈfendənt]美 [dɪˈfendənt]
n. 被告
拓展:
defend v. 辩护

11.bribe
英 [braɪb]美 [braɪb]
v. 受贿
拓展:
bribery n. 行贿

12.profess
英 [prəˈfes]美 [prəˈfes]
v. 声称（claim）

13.commotion
英 [kəˈməʊʃn]美 [kəˈməʊʃn]
n. 动荡（uproar）

14.avaricious
英 [ˌævəˈrɪʃəs]美 [ˌævəˈrɪʃəs]
adj. 贪婪的（greedy）