E57 司马光：清风峻节，笔耕不辍
E57 司马光：清风峻节，笔耕不辍
2023.09.20
夏鹏
难度：CSE7
课程导读
上节课我们讲到，王安石亲佞远贤，与小人结交。最终导致众叛亲离，被自己信任的“朋友”吕惠卿所出卖，至此八年政权终于崩溃。然而，他在洁身自好上又与欧阳修同样真诚，这件小事能体现出王安石怎样的做事态度呢？欧阳修又为何为人所崇敬呢？一起进入今天的课程。
英文原文
Otherwise, the two leaders of the opposite factions, Wang Anshih and Szema Kuang, while uncompromising in their fight over government policies, were both sincere in their convictions and above reproach in their private lives.
Neither was ever accused of corruption in money matters or of looseness of morals, while Ouyang Shiu was at least alleged to have had some affairs in his private household.
Once Wang Anshih's wife, Wu, had bought a concubine for her husband.
When the woman was presented, Wang asked, in surprise, "What is that thing?"
"The Madame has asked me to serve you," replied the woman.
"But who are you?" asked Wang again.
"My husband," replied the woman, "was working with the army in charge of a boatload of government rice. The boat sank and he lost the whole cargo. We sold all our property to restore the loss but still could not make up the amount. And so my husband sold me to pay for the balance."
"How much were you sold for?" asked Wang.
"Nine hundred dollars."
Wang Anshih sent for her husband and bade the woman go back to him, telling him to keep the money.
The same thing happened to Szema Kuang, for he, too, had a concubine against his wish.
In his younger days he was serving as a deputy magistrate and his wife had not yet produced a son for him.
The chief magistrate's wife presented him with a concubine, but Szema Kuang ignored her.
Thinking that it was because of her own presence, his wife one day asked the girl to wait till she was out of the house and then dress up and go into his study at night.
When Szema Kuang saw the girl appear in his room, he said in surprise to the girl, "How dare you come here? The Madame is away," and he sent her away.
Both men were more interested in carrying out their policies than in personal power, and Wang Anshih certainly had no regard for money.
While he was premier, as soon as his salary was received, he turned it over to his brothers to spend it any way they liked.
Szema Kuang, who towered intellectually and morally above his generation, fought a clean-cut battle of principles from the beginning to the end.
He and Wang Anshih stood at opposite poles on government policy.
In the words of a contemporary, "Wang Anshih refused to be premier unless the new policies were carried out, and Szema Kuang refused to be vice privy councilor unless the new policies were abolished."
Not only did Szema Kuang rank with Fan Chungyen as one of the two most respected prime ministers of Sung Dynasty; he was, besides, author of the monumental comprehensive history of China up to the Sung period, the Tsechih Tungchien or Mirror of History, in 294 volumes, with 30 volumes of appendix on sources and comparative material, a work sound in scholarship and masterly in judgment and style, which became the pole star to which all history writing in China after him must be orientated.
The first draft (changpien) was several times the number of volumes.
He used to work at it steadily, filling ten feet of paper copying notes every day, and his manuscripts were said to fill two whole rooms.
The gigantic work occupied the author for twenty-five years.
生词好句
1.faction
英 [ˈfækʃn]美 [ˈfækʃn]
n. 党派，部分（party，part）
2.uncompromise
英 [ʌnˈkɒmprəmaɪz]美 [ʌnˈkɑːmprəmaɪz]
v. 不妥协
3.sincere
英 [sɪnˈsɪə]美 [sɪnˈsɪr]
adj. 真诚的
4.conviction
英 [kənˈvɪkʃn]美 [kənˈvɪkʃn]
n. 信念（faith）
5.reproach
英 [rɪˈprəʊtʃ]美 [rɪˈproʊtʃ]
v. 批评（rebuke）
6.looseness
英 [ˈluːsnəs]美 [ˈluːsnəs]
n. 放松
7.moral
英 [ˈmɒrl]美 [ˈmɔːrl]
n. 道德
8.affair
英 [əˈfeə]美 [əˈfer]
n. 风流韵事
9.concubine
英 [ˈkɒŋkjəbaɪn]美 [ˈkɑːnkjəbaɪn]
n. 妾室
10.sink
英 [sɪŋk]美 [sɪŋk]
v. 沉没
11.make up
补偿
12.bid somebody to do something
命令某人做……
13.deputy magistrate
通判（宋朝地方行政长官的副官）
14.tower
英 [taʊə]美 [ˈtaʊər]
n. 塔；（本文）v. 在……拔地而起、鹤立鸡群
15.intellectually
英 [ˌɪntəlˈektʃuli]美 [ˌɪntəlˈektʃuli]
adv. 智力上
16.morally
英 [ˈmɒrəli]美 [ˈmɔːrəli]
adv. 道德上
17.clean-cut
英 [ˌkliːnˈkʌt]美 [ˌkliːnˈkʌt]
adj. 干脆利落的
18.opposite
英 [ˈɒpəzɪt]美 [ˈɑːpəzɪt]
adj. 对面的
19.pole
英 [pəʊl]美 [poʊl]
n. 极
拓展:
North Pole 北极
South Pole 南极
20.vice privy
副总使
21.vice privy councilor
枢密副使
22.rank with
与……齐名
23.Fan Chungyen
范仲淹
24.monumental
英 [ˌmɒnjəˈmentl]美 [ˌmɑːnjəˈmentl]
adj. 标志性的
拓展:
monument n. 纪念碑
25.comprehensive
英 [ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪv]美 [ˌkɑːmprəˈhensɪv]
adj. 全面的
26.the Tsechih Tungchien or Mirror of History
《资治通鉴》
27.appendix
英 [əˈpendɪks]美 [əˈpendɪks]
n. 附录
28.sound in scholarship
在学术方面是扎实的
29.masterly
英 [ˈmɑːstəli]美 [ˈmæstərli]
adv. 宗师级地
30.orientate
英 [ˈɔːriənteɪt]美 [ˈɔːriənteɪt]
v. 以……为目标
31.changpien
长编
32.steadily
英 [ˈstedəli]美 [ˈstedəli]
adv. 稳定地
33.manuscript
英 [ˈmænjəskrɪpt]美 [ˈmænjəskrɪpt]
n. 手稿
34.be said
据说
2023.09.20
夏鹏
难度：CSE7
课程导读
上节课我们讲到，王安石亲佞远贤，与小人结交。最终导致众叛亲离，被自己信任的“朋友”吕惠卿所出卖，至此八年政权终于崩溃。然而，他在洁身自好上又与欧阳修同样真诚，这件小事能体现出王安石怎样的做事态度呢？欧阳修又为何为人所崇敬呢？一起进入今天的课程。
英文原文
Otherwise, the two leaders of the opposite factions, Wang Anshih and Szema Kuang, while uncompromising in their fight over government policies, were both sincere in their convictions and above reproach in their private lives.
Neither was ever accused of corruption in money matters or of looseness of morals, while Ouyang Shiu was at least alleged to have had some affairs in his private household.
Once Wang Anshih's wife, Wu, had bought a concubine for her husband.
When the woman was presented, Wang asked, in surprise, "What is that thing?"
"The Madame has asked me to serve you," replied the woman.
"But who are you?" asked Wang again.
"My husband," replied the woman, "was working with the army in charge of a boatload of government rice. The boat sank and he lost the whole cargo. We sold all our property to restore the loss but still could not make up the amount. And so my husband sold me to pay for the balance."
"How much were you sold for?" asked Wang.
"Nine hundred dollars."
Wang Anshih sent for her husband and bade the woman go back to him, telling him to keep the money.
The same thing happened to Szema Kuang, for he, too, had a concubine against his wish.
In his younger days he was serving as a deputy magistrate and his wife had not yet produced a son for him.
The chief magistrate's wife presented him with a concubine, but Szema Kuang ignored her.
Thinking that it was because of her own presence, his wife one day asked the girl to wait till she was out of the house and then dress up and go into his study at night.
When Szema Kuang saw the girl appear in his room, he said in surprise to the girl, "How dare you come here? The Madame is away," and he sent her away.
Both men were more interested in carrying out their policies than in personal power, and Wang Anshih certainly had no regard for money.
While he was premier, as soon as his salary was received, he turned it over to his brothers to spend it any way they liked.
Szema Kuang, who towered intellectually and morally above his generation, fought a clean-cut battle of principles from the beginning to the end.
He and Wang Anshih stood at opposite poles on government policy.
In the words of a contemporary, "Wang Anshih refused to be premier unless the new policies were carried out, and Szema Kuang refused to be vice privy councilor unless the new policies were abolished."
Not only did Szema Kuang rank with Fan Chungyen as one of the two most respected prime ministers of Sung Dynasty; he was, besides, author of the monumental comprehensive history of China up to the Sung period, the Tsechih Tungchien or Mirror of History, in 294 volumes, with 30 volumes of appendix on sources and comparative material, a work sound in scholarship and masterly in judgment and style, which became the pole star to which all history writing in China after him must be orientated.
The first draft (changpien) was several times the number of volumes.
He used to work at it steadily, filling ten feet of paper copying notes every day, and his manuscripts were said to fill two whole rooms.
The gigantic work occupied the author for twenty-five years.
生词好句
1.faction
英 [ˈfækʃn]美 [ˈfækʃn]
n. 党派，部分（party，part）
2.uncompromise
英 [ʌnˈkɒmprəmaɪz]美 [ʌnˈkɑːmprəmaɪz]
v. 不妥协
3.sincere
英 [sɪnˈsɪə]美 [sɪnˈsɪr]
adj. 真诚的
4.conviction
英 [kənˈvɪkʃn]美 [kənˈvɪkʃn]
n. 信念（faith）
5.reproach
英 [rɪˈprəʊtʃ]美 [rɪˈproʊtʃ]
v. 批评（rebuke）
6.looseness
英 [ˈluːsnəs]美 [ˈluːsnəs]
n. 放松
7.moral
英 [ˈmɒrl]美 [ˈmɔːrl]
n. 道德
8.affair
英 [əˈfeə]美 [əˈfer]
n. 风流韵事
9.concubine
英 [ˈkɒŋkjəbaɪn]美 [ˈkɑːnkjəbaɪn]
n. 妾室
10.sink
英 [sɪŋk]美 [sɪŋk]
v. 沉没
11.make up
补偿
12.bid somebody to do something
命令某人做……
13.deputy magistrate
通判（宋朝地方行政长官的副官）
14.tower
英 [taʊə]美 [ˈtaʊər]
n. 塔；（本文）v. 在……拔地而起、鹤立鸡群
15.intellectually
英 [ˌɪntəlˈektʃuli]美 [ˌɪntəlˈektʃuli]
adv. 智力上
16.morally
英 [ˈmɒrəli]美 [ˈmɔːrəli]
adv. 道德上
17.clean-cut
英 [ˌkliːnˈkʌt]美 [ˌkliːnˈkʌt]
adj. 干脆利落的
18.opposite
英 [ˈɒpəzɪt]美 [ˈɑːpəzɪt]
adj. 对面的
19.pole
英 [pəʊl]美 [poʊl]
n. 极
拓展:
North Pole 北极
South Pole 南极
20.vice privy
副总使
21.vice privy councilor
枢密副使
22.rank with
与……齐名
23.Fan Chungyen
范仲淹
24.monumental
英 [ˌmɒnjəˈmentl]美 [ˌmɑːnjəˈmentl]
adj. 标志性的
拓展:
monument n. 纪念碑
25.comprehensive
英 [ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪv]美 [ˌkɑːmprəˈhensɪv]
adj. 全面的
26.the Tsechih Tungchien or Mirror of History
《资治通鉴》
27.appendix
英 [əˈpendɪks]美 [əˈpendɪks]
n. 附录
28.sound in scholarship
在学术方面是扎实的
29.masterly
英 [ˈmɑːstəli]美 [ˈmæstərli]
adv. 宗师级地
30.orientate
英 [ˈɔːriənteɪt]美 [ˈɔːriənteɪt]
v. 以……为目标
31.changpien
长编
32.steadily
英 [ˈstedəli]美 [ˈstedəli]
adv. 稳定地
33.manuscript
英 [ˈmænjəskrɪpt]美 [ˈmænjəskrɪpt]
n. 手稿
34.be said
据说
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