2022年6月四级翻译真题朗读与默写1

Translation
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. Please write your answer on Answer Sheet 2
拔苗助长
①从前有个农夫嫌他种的禾苗长得慢，就到地把禾苗一株株地拔高了一点。②回家后他对家人说：“今天可真把我累坏了！③但我总算让禾苗一下子长高了。” ④他儿子到地里去一看，禾苗都已死光了。⑤现在有些家长急于让孩子成功，往往步那个农夫的后尘，搞得孩子苦不堪言，却不见孩子学业长进。⑥这样的家长是否该对这个问题有所醒悟，让孩子自然成长呢？

①Once upon a time, there was a farmer who thought that the seedlings he planted grew slowly, so he went to the field and pulled them up one by one. ②After returning home, he said to his family, "I'm really exhausted today! ③But I finally made the seedlings grow taller." ④When his son came to the field, he found that all the seedlings were dead. ⑤Now some parents are eager to make their children successful, and they often follow in the footsteps of the farmer. ⑥As a result, their children suffer a lot, and there is no improvement in their study. ⑦Should such parents realize this problem and let their children grow up naturally？
Part One 中英文对比分析
把中文翻译成英语时，要把松散的，隐藏在汉语中的因果，并列，让步，修饰等关系找出来。
翻译完之后，仔细阅读英语句子是否有合适主谓结构在支撑你的思想表达，没有主干，就是中文式句子，不符合英语习惯。
第一句，汉语 有四个动词“有，嫌，长，拔”，都是主语“农夫”发出。英语，都是围绕主句there was a farmer who…….，so he went…..pulled来组织，形成并列谓语，并列关系。
② ③ ④因为句子短，容易翻译，分析省略。
第五句后半句，“搞的孩子搞得孩子苦不堪言，却不见孩子学业长进”是前面的原因，才形成的结果，英语要加As a result, 把因果关系体现出来。
第七句，把“醒悟”翻译为realize, 整句翻译成realize and let并列谓语疑问句？
Part Two翻译生词好句
1.seedlings 种子 be exhausted
筋疲力尽的；耗尽的
2. make sb/sth do sth 使某人或某物做事
3. be eager to do盼望去做,渴望做
Part Three 语篇分析与背诵
① ④是复合句， ⑤是并列句。其余是什么句子类型？请分析。
①Once upon a time, there was a farmer who……, so he went ……and ……one by one. ②After returning home, he said to ………….③But I finally made the seedlings grow taller." ④When his son came to the field, ……⑤Now some parents are eager to make…… and they often follow ……⑥As a result, their children suffer a lot, and ………⑦Should such parents realize………？
Part Four写作或翻译时，注意英语“形合”，汉语“意合”的思维特点。
1.英语表达注重“形合”，以形显意，句子结构严谨，主谓长句居多。
2.熟悉英语基础语法，时态，各种从句，倒转句，习惯搭配，通过词汇，语法手段的显性衔接，把松散汉语思维转化成逻辑紧凑，但缺乏弹性的语篇整体。
4.汉语重“意合”，以意驭形，句子结构松散，但“形散神不散”。
5.汉翻英时，汉语原句的主谓未必就是英语的主谓结构，影响英语理解时，要适当调整。