2022 Text 2（英语一）Z 世代的职业选择

As the latest crop of students pen their undergraduate application form and weigh up their options, it may be worth considering just how the point, purpose and value of a degree has changed and what Generation Z need to consider as they start the third stage of their educational journey.

当最新一批学生填写本科申请表并权衡他们的选择时，或许值得思考的是学位的意义、目的和价值发生了怎样的变化，以及 Z 世代在开启他们教育旅程的第三阶段时需要考虑什么。

Millennials were told that if you did well in school, got a decent degree, you would be set up for life.

千禧一代被告知，如果你在学校表现出色，拿到一个体面的学位，你的一辈子就被安排妥当了。

But that promise has been found wanting.

但这一承诺被发现是不够的。

As degrees became universal, they became devalued.

随着大学学位变得普遍，它们也贬值了。

Education was no longer a secure route of social mobility.

教育不再是社会流动的安全途径。

Today, 28 percent of graduates in the UK are in non-graduate roles, a percentage which is double the average among OECD countries.

如今，英国有 28% 的大学毕业生从事非大学毕业生的工作，这一比例是经合组织国家平均水平的两倍。

This is not to say that there is no point in getting a degree, but rather stress that a degree is not for everyone, that the switch from classroom to lecture hall is not an inevitable one and that other options are available.

这并不是说获得学位没有意义，而是强调学位并不适合每个人，从教室到演讲厅的转变不是不可避免的，还有其他选择。

Thankfully, there are signs that this is already happening, with Generation Z seeking to learn from their millennial predecessors, even if parents and teachers tend to be still set in the degree mindset.

值得庆幸的是，有迹象表明这种情况已经发生，Z 世代寻求向千禧一代的前辈学习，即使父母和老师往往仍存在学位至上的心态。

Employers have long seen the advantages of hiring school leavers who often prove themselves to be more committed and loyal employees than graduates.

雇主早就看到了雇用中学毕业生的好处，因为中学毕业生经常证明他们是比大学毕业生更尽职、更忠诚的员工。

Many too are seeing the advantages of scrapping a degree requirement for certain roles.

许多人也看到了取消某些职位的学位要求的好处。

For those for whom a degree is the desired route, consider that this may well be the first of many.

对于那些希望获得学位的人来说，这很可能是众多例子里的一个。

In this age of generalists, it pays to have specific knowledge or skills.

在这个全才时代，拥有特定的知识或技能是值得的。

Postgraduates now earn 40 percent more than graduates.

研究生现在的收入比毕业生高 40%。

When more and more of us have a degree, it makes sense to have two.

当我们越来越多的人拥有学位时，拥有两个学位是有意义的。

It is unlikely that Generation Z will be done with education at 18 or 21; they will need to be constantly up-skilling throughout their career to stay employable.

Z 世代不太可能在 18 或 21 岁时完成教育；他们需要在整个职业生涯中不断提高技能，以保持就业能力。

It has been estimated that this generation, due to the pressures of technology, the wish for personal fulfilment and desire for diversity, will work for 17 different employers over the course of their working life and have five different careers.

据估计，由于技术的压力、个人成就的意愿和对多样性的渴望，这一代人在其职业生涯中将为 17 个不同的雇主工作，并拥有五个不同的职业。

Education, and not just knowledge gained on campus, will be a core part of Generation Z's career trajectory.

教育，而不仅仅是在校园里获得的知识，将是 Z 世代职业轨迹的核心部分。

Older generations often talk about their degree in the present and personal tense: "I am a geographer" or "I am a classist."

老一辈人经常用现在时和个人时态谈论他们的学位：“我是地理学家” 或 “我是阶级主义者”。

Their sons or daughters would never say such a thing; it's as if they already know that their degree won't define them in the same way.

他们的子女永远不会说这样的话；就好像他们已经知道自己的学位不会以同样的方式定义他们。

26. The author suggests that Generation Z should

26. 作者建议 Z 世代应该

[A] be careful in choosing a college.

选择大学要谨慎。

[B] be diligent at each educational stage.

在每个教育阶段都要勤奋。

[C] reassess the necessity of college education.

重新评估大学教育的必要性。

[D] postpone their undergraduate application.

推迟他们的本科申请。

27. The percentage of UK graduates in non-graduate roles reflect

27. 英国毕业生担任非毕业职位的百分比反映了

[A] Millennial's opinions about work.

千禧一代对工作的看法。

[B] the shrinking value of a degree.

学位的价值正在变小。

[C] public discontent with education.

公众对教育的不满。

[D] the desired route of social mobility.

社会流动的理想路径。

28. The author considers it a good sign that

28. 作者认为下面哪个是个好兆头

[A] Generation Z are seeking to earn a decent degree.

Z 世代正在寻求获得一个体面的学位。

[B] School leavers are willing to be skilled workers.

高中毕业生愿意成为熟练工人。

[C] Employers are taking a realistic attitude to degrees.

雇主对学位采取了现实的态度。

[D] Parents are changing their minds about education.

父母正在改变他们对教育的看法。

29. It is advised in Paragraph 5 that those with one degree should

29. 文中第 5 段建议，拥有一个学位的人应该

[A] make an early decision on their career.

尽早决定他们的职业。

[B] attend on the job training programs.

参加在职培训项目。

[C] team up with high-paid postgraduates.

与高薪研究生合作。

[D] further their studies in a specific field.

在特定领域进一步研究。

30. What can be concluded about Generation Z from the last two paragraphs?

30. 从文中最后两段可以得出关于 Z 世代的什么结论？

[A] Lifelong learning will define them.

终身学习将是他们的特征。

[B] They will make qualified educators.

他们将成为合格的教育者。

[C] Depress will no longer appeal them.

沮丧不再吸引他们。

[D] They will have a limited choice of jobs.

他们的工作选择有限。