43.High School English Reading Listening

Run, swim, lift weights, do yoga—do something, because it's good for you. Many studies tell us that regular exercise not only helps our bodies but improves memory, and eases anxiety. But what is happening to the mind during workout to create all these benefits?
　　A new study from Sweden suggests that a specific protein found in trained muscles might contribute to exercise's mental benefits. This protein, the researchers found, might help our bodies process molecules that, if out of balance, can stress us and contribute to depression(萎靡不振). The findings were published in the journal Cell.
　　To test this, the researchers kept attacking some mice with flashing lights, loud noises and interrupting their sleep for weeks. Predictably, this treatment makes the mice show signs and biochemical markers of depression.
　　But not all the mice showed those signs. One group, specially raised to have high levels of a protein called PGC-1alpha1 (the one in trained muscles), did not show those depression signs. PGC-1alpha1 increases production of an enzyme that breaks down a chemical called kynurenine. Kynurenine helps the body respond to an activated immune system(活性免疫系统), but it also plays a role in depression.
　　“Our original research assumption was that trained muscle would produce a substance(物质) with beneficial effects on the brain，” Jorge Ruas of the Karolinska Institute told Forbes.com. “We actually found the opposite: well-trained muscle produces an enzyme that removes harmful substances away from the body.”
　　This study was in mice, but it lines up nicely with all the other lines of evidence that exercise is good for mental health.
译文：
跑步、游泳、举重、做瑜伽--做一些，因为这对你有好处。许多研究告诉我们，定期锻炼不仅有助于我们的身体，还能改善记忆，缓解焦虑。但是，在锻炼过程中，头脑中发生了什么来创造所有这些好处呢？
　　来自瑞典的一项新研究表明，在受过训练的肌肉中发现的一种特定蛋白质可能有助于锻炼的精神益处。研究人员发现，这种蛋白质可能帮助我们的身体处理那些如果失去平衡就会给我们带来压力并导致抑郁的分子。该研究结果发表在《细胞》杂志上。
　　为了测试这一点，研究人员用闪烁的灯光、巨大的噪音和中断睡眠的方式持续攻击一些小鼠数周。可以预见的是，这种处理方法使小鼠显示出抑郁症的迹象和生化标记。
　　但并非所有的小鼠都显示出这些迹象。有一组小鼠，被特别饲养成具有高水平的一种叫做PGC-1α1的蛋白质（训练过的肌肉中的蛋白质），没有显示出那些抑郁症的迹象。PGC-1α1增加了一种酶的生产，这种酶可以分解一种叫做犬尿氨酸的化学物质。犬尿氨酸有助于身体对激活的免疫系统做出反应，但它在抑郁症中也发挥着作用。
　　"我们最初的研究假设是，经过训练的肌肉会产生一种对大脑有益的物质。卡罗林斯卡学院的Jorge Ruas告诉福布斯网站。"我们实际上发现了相反的情况：训练有素的肌肉会产生一种酶，将有害物质排出体外。"
　　这项研究是在小鼠身上进行的，但它与其他所有关于运动有益于心理健康的证据非常吻合。
重点词汇：
good for 对…有益，能担当 ; 宜于
eases 容易 ; 轻易 ; 不费劲 ; 舒适 ; 安逸 ; 自在 ; 无忧无虑 ; 宽慰 ; 减轻 ; 缓解 ; 小心缓缓地移动 ; 使…容易些 ; ease的第三人称单数和复数
contribute to 贡献 ; 捐助 ; 给…投稿 ; 捐给 ; 投寄给
out of balance 收支失衡，失去平衡 ; 缩写词为OOB
萎靡不振 lethargy ; morbid depression ; poor in spirit ; languish
noises 声音 ; 响声 ; 噪音 ; 吵闹声 ; 噪声 ; 干扰 ; 电子干扰讯号 ; 干扰信息 ; 垃圾信息 ; noise的第三人称单数和复数
interrupting 插嘴 ; 打扰 ; 打岔 ; 使暂停 ; 使中断 ; 阻断，遮挡 ; interrupt的现在分词
Predictably 可推断