97.预防小儿腹泻Prevention of paediatric diarrhoea

Hydrate your child: hydrate as soon as diarrhoea starts to appear, rather than waiting until you are dehydrated.
Diet: do not fast, eat small meals and less sweets; pay attention to a light diet and avoid greasy food on a daily basis.
Care for the buttocks: after each bowel movement, rinse with water. It is not recommended to rub the skin surface with wet tissue or paper towels, and apply buttock oil or anti-inflammatory ointment to your baby after it has dried.
Medication: If your baby's fever is not serious, you can take some intestinal mucous membrane protectant (e.g. montelukast) and oral rehydration salts (10ml per kg).
Note: If your baby has only a little diarrhoea, no vomiting or fever, and no other symptoms, you can use the above methods, but if there are other symptoms, you should go to hospital and ask your doctor to judge.
Hygiene is important
 Disease enters through the mouth. The main route of transmission of autumn diarrhoea is through the digestive tract, so food hygiene and personal hygiene are particularly important.
Do not misuse antibiotics
This can produce disorders of the gastrointestinal flora and aggravate diarrhoea. Some children may also suffer from allergies, metabolic deficiencies and damage to liver function.
Vaccination
 A rotavirus vaccine has been produced and can be administered orally to prevent diarrhoea.
译文：
给孩子补水：开始出现腹泻的时候就要补水，而不是要等到脱水了才开始补水。
饮食：不要禁食、少食多餐、少食甜食；日常注意清淡饮食，避免油腻。
对臀部的护理：每次排完大便后，要用水冲洗，不建议用湿纸巾或者纸巾去蹭皮肤表面，干了以后给宝宝抹上护臀油或消炎药膏。
用药：如果宝宝发热不严重，可以吃一些肠粘膜保护剂（如：蒙脱石散），口服补液盐（每公斤10ml）。
注意：如果宝宝只是有点拉肚子，不吐不发烧，没有其它的症状可用上述方法，如果伴有其它症状，应该到医院请医生来判断。
讲卫生很重要
 病从口入。秋季腹泻主要的传播途径就是消化道传播，食物食品的卫生和个人的卫生就显得尤为重要，卫生做好，会预防很多的病毒性肠炎的发生。
不可滥用抗生素
会产生胃肠菌群紊乱，加重腹泻。有些孩子还会出现过敏，代谢能力不足出现肝功能的损害，不要擅自使用，一定要听医嘱。
注射疫苗
 目前已经生产出了轮状病毒疫苗，宝宝可以通过口服疫苗来预防腹泻。