Susan三叶草 2022年2月15日 上午11:45

The first of the factors that determine what a child can and cannot do is his resources. These include the financial and material resources he has been given or has earned, his time and energy, what he knows, what his talents are, what relationships he has built,and what he has learned from the past.
The second group of factors that determine a child's capabilities are processes. Processes are what your child does with the resources he has, to accomplish and create new things for himself.Just as within a business,they are relatively intangible, but are a large part of what makes each child unique.These include the way he thinks,how he asks insightful questions, how and whether he can solve problems of various types, how he works with others,and so on.
Let me give you some examples to highlight the difference between the resources and processes of a child.Take a young man sitting in class.Teachers and scholars can create knowledge, and our young man can sit in class and passively absorb the knowledge that others have created.That knowledge now beco mes a resource for him; he might use it to get a better score on a test that simply measures how much information he has acquired.But it doesn't necessarily mean he has acquired the ability to create new knowledge.If he were able to take the information he absorbed in class and use it to,say,create an application for a tablet computer, like an iPad, or conduct his own scientific experiment—that capability is a process.
决定孩子能做什么和不能做什么的第一个因素是他的资源。这些包括他被给予或获得的财政和物质资源，他的时间和精力，他知道什么，他的才能是什么，他建立了什么关系，以及他从过去中学到了什么。
决定孩子能力的第二组因素是过程。过程就是你的孩子用他所拥有的资源去完成和创造新的东西。就像在企业内部一样，它们相对来说是无形的，但却是每个孩子独特之处的一大部分。这些包括他思考的方式，他如何提出有见地的问题，他如何以及是否能解决各种类型的问题，他如何与他人合作，等等。
让我举几个例子来强调孩子的资源和过程的区别。以一个坐在教室里的年轻人为例。老师和学者可以创造知识，我们的年轻人可以坐在课堂上被动地吸收别人创造的知识。这些知识现在成了他的一种资源；他可能会用它在测试中获得更好的分数，测试只是衡量他获得了多少信息。但这并不一定意味着他已经获得了创造新知识的能力。如果他能够利用课堂上吸收的信息，比如说，为平板电脑(比如iPad)创建一个应用程序，或者进行自己的科学实验——这种能力是一个过程。