【点击订阅我们的节目,不要错过每周的更新哦!!!】
PHOTOGRAPH BY CHRISTOPHER MARINO, GETTY IMAGES
Greenways, like Boston's Emerald Necklace (pictured here), were first built in the late 1860s as a way to connect neighborhoods in busy urban centers. Fueled by climate change concerns, these nature-filled walking, running, and biking trails are becoming more popular, with new projects in many U.S. cities.
图为波士顿公园翡翠项链(Emerald Necklace)的城市绿地。类似的城市绿地最早建于19世纪60年代末,是连接繁忙都市中心社区的一种方式。出于对气候变化的担忧,人们原来越喜爱这些充满自然气息的人行道、跑道和自行车道。同时,美国许多城市也有新的绿地项目。
课程撰稿人
David
课程讲述人
David
精选段落
(注意:以下均为精选段落,段落之间未必有逻辑连贯性;如需查看全文,请移步讲义最下方原文链接,复制链接然后粘贴至搜索栏查看原文)
The revolutionary idea behind America's urban trail
美国城市绿地背后的革命性理念
01:48①As a result of a record visitation this summer, America's wide open spaces are feeling mighty cramped.
今年夏天,由于创纪录的访客数量,美国众多开放区域迎来了人山人海的盛况。
03:14②To manage their teeming crowds, some of the most popular national parks are continuing to require advance reservations.
为了应对蜂拥般的人潮,最受欢迎的几个国家公园现在仍要求访客事先预约才能入园。
04:06③But what if going for an epic hike or bike ride didn't involve driving hundreds of miles to the mountains?
但是,有没有一场不需要驱车数百英里进山,就可以享受到的远足或者骑行呢?
05:18④Urban greenways could be the answer, and they're gaining in popularity in the United states.
“城市绿地”或许就是答案——这个概念在美国正在受到热捧。
05:36⑤Urban greenways were the brainchild of Frederick Law Olmsted, the legendary landscape architect who designed New York's Central Park in 1858.
第一个提出“城市绿地”这一概念的,是景观设计界的传奇人物——弗雷德里克·劳·奥姆斯特德(Frederick Law Olmsted)。他于1858年设计了纽约中央公园(New York's Central Park)。
06:36⑥A decade later, Olmsted designed the nation's first greenway in Buffalo, New York, known today as the Buffalo Olmsted Parks system.
10年后,奥姆斯特德在纽约州水牛城设计了全美第一个绿地,也就是今天的水牛城奥姆斯特德公园系统(the Buffalo Olmsted Parks system)。
07:29⑦But during the 20th century, Olmsted's vision collided with two antagonistic forces: the rapid rise of the automobile and the persistence of structural racism.
但在20世纪, 由于汽车行业的快速发展和根深蒂固的结构性种族主义的存在,奥姆斯特德的愿景一度发展受阻。
09:18⑧The curvature of these nascent greenways, and some of the parks within them, made them ideal for road and highway development.
这些绿地通常拥有曲线形状、内部包含着一些公园,对修建城市道路和高速公路来说,这是极佳的选址条件。
10:31⑨Beginning in the 1920s, roads sliced through greenways to the detriment of pedestrians.
20世纪20年代起,许多道路横穿绿地,破坏了行人的活动区域。
12:19⑩Across the U.S., urban development in the mid-20th century separated people of color from green spaces.
到了20世纪中期,美国的城市建设都有意将有色人种和绿地空间分隔开。
12:46⑪Rising rent and real estate prices, active roads, and insufficient pedestrian infrastructure created barriers between underserved citizens and parks.
上涨的房租房价、繁忙的公路、拥挤的人行道,匮乏的基础设施,都让生活贫困的居民难以享用到公园绿地设施。
14:40⑫These days American cities are rediscovering Olmsted's greenway vision.
不过近年来,美国的城市正在复兴奥姆斯特建设绿地的愿景。
14:53⑬The trend is partly due to widening recognition of how urban planning has devastated communities of color, depriving them of green space and transit options.
这一趋势的部分原因是越来越多的人意识到,城市建设破坏了有色人种使用绿地、选择交通方式的权力。
16:45⑭The other factor behind this "greenway stimulus" is worsening climate change and an emerging consensus that Americans must move away from cars as the default mode of transit.
另一个原因,则是日益严重的气候变化和美国社会逐步形成的共识——美国人不再默认汽车是最主要的交通工具了。
PHOTOGRAPH BY THOMAS LINKEL, LAIF/REDUX
People relax in the Emerald Necklace's Public Garden. The Necklace was designed by Frederick Law Olmsted, the innovative landscape architect behind New York's Central Park.
图为人们在翡翠项链公园系统(the Emerald Necklace)的公共花园(Public Garden)中休憩。该绿地系统由创意景观设计师弗雷德里克·劳·奥姆斯特德(Frederick Law Olmsted)设计。奥姆斯特德也是纽约中央公园(New York's Central Park)的设计师。
精选语言点
1. 词汇
1)revolutionary /ˌrevəˈluːʃənəri/ adj. 革命性的
2)record /ˈrekɔːd/ n. 最好成绩,最佳记录
at a record high 处于最高纪录
at a record low 处于最低纪录
3)mighty /ˈmaɪti/ adv. 非常地;极其地
4)cramped /kræmpt/ adj. 狭小的
cramped working conditions 拥挤的工作环境
5)teeming /ˈtiːmɪŋ/ adj. 拥挤的;人山人海的;(物种)富饶的
6)epic /ˈepɪk/ adj. 极好的;史诗般的
7)brainchild /ˈbreɪntʃaɪld/ n. 脑力劳动的产物,智慧结晶
This new program was the brainchild of Bill Gates.
这个新程序是比尔盖茨(Bill Gates)编写的。
8)collide /kəˈlaɪd/ v. 碰撞;冲突
I collided with a tree.
我撞到了一棵树上。
9)antagonistic /ænˌtæɡəˈnɪstɪk/ adj. 敌对的,相对抗的
=opposing
The two ideas are mutually antagonistic.
这两个观点截然相反。
10)curvature /ˈkɜːvətʃə(r)/ n. 弯曲,曲度
curvature of the spine 脊柱的弯曲度
11)nascent /ˈneɪsnt/ adj. 刚出现的,初期的
nascent industry 新兴产业
12)slice /slaɪs/ v. 切,划破
13)detriment /ˈdetrɪmənt/ n. 损害
detrimental adj. 有害的
=harmful/bad
Smoking is detrimental to health.
吸烟有害健康。
14)pedestrian /pəˈdestriən/ n. 行人
15)rent /rent/ n. 租金
16)insufficient /ˌɪnsəˈfɪʃnt/ adj. 不足够的
17)infrastructure /ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃə(r)/ n. 基础设施
18)underserved /ˌʌndəˈsɜːvd/ adj. 服务不周的
19)devastate /ˈdevəsteɪt/ v. 摧毁
20)deprive /dɪˈpraɪv/ v. 剥夺
He was deprived of his rights.
他被剥夺了权利。
deprivation n. 剥夺
sleep deprivation 缺觉
21)stimulus /ˈstɪmjələs/ n. 刺激
stimulus check/cheque 经济刺激支票
22)consensus /kənˈsensəs/ n. 共识
23)default /dɪˈfɔːlt/ n. 默认
原文链接
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/article/heres-the-revolutionary-idea-behind-americas-urban-trails
涨知识了
David多讲讲句子结构拜托了