1.economical
[ iːkə'nɒmɪkl;ek '-] a. 经济的,节俭的,节约的,俭朴的
[记] economic(经济的)+ -al(形容词后缀) →经济的,节约的
[例] One should be economical in his life. 人们 应该在生活中厉行节约。
[根] economic a. 经济的,经济上的;经济学的
2.economy
[ɪ'kɒnəmi] n. ①经济②节约
[考] economy class 经济舱
economy in food 节约伙食
[例] The determinate factor of our economy is to control inflation. 我们经济的决定性因素是控制通货膨胀。
3.economics
[ iːkə'nɒmɪks; ekə'-] n. ①经济学②经济情况
[记] economy(经济)+ -ics(名词后缀,表学 科,学术)→经济学
[例] I’ve got a master’s degree in economics. 我获得了经济学硕士学位。
4.crisis
['kraɪsɪs] n. [pl. crises] ①危机,紧要关头②(个人的)危难时刻
[考] economic crisis 经济危机
crisis of confidence 信任危机
[例] Failing this, their profit would fall in the resulting economic crisis. 做不到这一点, 在随之而来的经济危机中他们的利润就会下降。
5.collapse
[kə'læps] n. /v. ①(房屋等)倒塌 ②(使)崩溃,(使)垮台,(使)倒闭
[记] col-(全部)+ -laps-(滑)+ -e →全部滑 下→倒塌;崩溃
[例] The enterprise collapsed through lack of support. 该企业因缺乏支持而倒闭。
6.breakdown
['breɪkdaʊn] n. ①(关系的)破裂,(体系的)崩溃②(车辆、机器等的)损坏,故障
[记] break(破坏,中断)+ down(向下)→崩溃;损坏,故障
[考] marriage/family breakdown 婚姻 / 家庭破裂
mental/nervous breakdown 精神崩溃
[例] A sudden rise in oil prices could lead to a breakdown of the economy. 油价暴涨会导致经济崩溃。
7.snap
[snæp] n. /v. ①折断②崩溃③呵斥
[例] This final misfortune caused his mind to snap. 最后这次不幸事件使他的精神一 下子崩溃了。
8.finance
['faɪnæns;faɪ'næns;fə-] n. ①财政,金融② [常pl.] 财源,资金,财务情况 vt. 为……提供资金,为……筹措资金
[考] finance company 金融公司
the Minister of Finance 财政部长
[例] The repairs to the school will be financed by the education department. 学校的修缮将由教育部门提供资金。
9.financial
[faɪ'nænʃl;fə-] a. 财政的,金融的,财务的
[记] finance(财政,金融)+ i+ -al(形容词后 缀,……的)→财政的,金融的
[考] financial center 金融中心
financial affairs 财务
financial difficulties/problems/crises 财务困难 / 问题 / 危机
[例] It was a wonderful f ilm, but not exactly a financial success. 这是一部出色的电影, 但在票房上不是很成功。
10.monetary
['mʌnɪtri] a.(尤指一国金融)货币的,钱的
[记] money(金钱)+ t+ -ary(……的)→金钱 的→钱的,货币的
[考] monetary policy/growth 货币政策 / 增长
[例] The monetary unit of Great Britain is the pound. 英国的货币单位是英镑。
11.fund
[fʌnd] n. 资金,基金 vt. 资助,为……提供资金
[考] donate funds 捐款
ready funds 现金
[例] A fund will be set up for the dead men’s families. 抚恤死难工人家属的基金即将建立起来。
12.foundation
[faʊn'deɪʃn] n. ①基础,根本②建立③地基④基金,基金会
[记] found(底部,基础)+ -ation(名词后缀) →基础
[考] lay the foundation(s) of/for 打下……的基础
[例] He laid the foundation of his success by study and hard work. 他通过学习和努力工作为成功打下了基础。
13.purchase
['pɜːtʃəs] n. ①购买的物品②购买 vt. 买,购买,采购
[考] purchase order 订单
[例] Always examine your purchase before you pay for it. 付款之前,要仔细查看你购买的物品。
14.bargain
['bɑːɡən] n. ①便宜货,特价商品②(买卖等双方的)协议,交易 vi.讨价还价,讲价钱,商谈条件
[考] bargain for/over/about 就……讨价还价(或商谈条件)
drive/strike a hard bargain 狠狠地杀价
[例] At that low price the house is a bargain. 按那样低的价钱出售,这房子是便宜货。
15.mortgage
['mɔːɡɪdʒ] n. 房屋抵押贷款,按揭货款 vt. 抵押(房屋、土地等)
[例] They have taken out a 30-year mortgage. 他们办理了一笔30年期的抵押贷款。
16.hostage
['hɒstɪdʒ] n. 人质
[例] The group had shot dead another hostage. 该组织又开枪打死了一名人质。
[近] prisoner n. 犯人,囚犯
captive n. 囚徒,战俘,俘虏
17.loan
[ləʊn] n.(银行等的)贷款,借款 v. 借出,借贷
[考] loan on 以……为抵押而借出(或贷给)
[例] The bank was unwilling to loan him that quantity of money. 那家银行不肯贷给他那么多款。
[近] credit n.(从银行借的)贷款,借款
18.grant
[ɡrɑːnt] n. ①(尤指政府发给的)补助金,拨款②授予物 v. ①给予,授予②(勉强)承认(某事属实)③同意,准予
[考] take it for granted (that) 想当然地认为,认为……是理所当然
take sb./sth. for granted 视某人或某事理所当然
grant sb. sth. 赋予某人某物
[例] It is taken for granted that everyone is equal before the law. 法律面前人人平等被认为是理所当然的。
[根] granted ad. [句子副词] 的确,诚然
19.donate
[dəʊ'neɪt] vt. 捐赠,捐献
[记] -don-(给予)+ -ate(动词后缀)→给出去→捐赠
[例] She donated her own books to the library. 她把自己的书捐赠给图书馆。
20.calculate
['kælkjuleɪt] vt. ①计算,核算②估计,估算,推算
[例] What you do first is to calculate the mean.你要做的第一件事就是计算出平均数。
21.reckon
['rekən] v. ①认为②估计,估算,计算
[考] reckon...as... 把……认为成(看作)……
[例] They reckon the book as one of his best works. 他们认为这本书是他的优秀作品之一。
22.regulate
['reɡjuleɪt] v. ①管制,管理,控制②调节
[记] -regul-(统治;规定)+ -ate(动词后缀)→管制,控制;调节
[例] Thus, price is the regulating mechanism in the American economic system. 因此,价格是美国经济体制中的调节机制。
[根] regulation n. 法规,条例;控制,管理
23.gear
[ɡɪə] n. 齿轮,传动装置 vt. 使适应,使适合
[考] gear sth. to/towards sth.[常用被动语态] 使与……相适应,使适合于……
[例] Education should be geared to the children’s needs and abilities. 教育应适应儿童的需要和能力。
24.setting
['setɪŋ] n. ①安置,建立,安装②环境,背景
[例] Our story has its setting in ancient Rome. 我们这个故事的背景是在古罗马。
[近] environment n. 自然环境
surroundings n. 周围的环境
situation n.(建筑物的)环境,位置
25.set
[set] n.(一)套,(一)副,(一)批 a. 不变的,固定的,规定的 v. ①放,安置②树立③调整,设置 ④(太阳)落山⑤出发⑥开始
[考] set sth. aside 把……放到一旁(或搁到 一边)
set in(雨、恶劣天气、感染等)到来,开始
set off/out/forth 出发,动身,启程
set about 开始着手
[例] He set about learning Chinese at the age of ten. 他在十岁时开始学中文。
26.establish
[ɪ'stæblɪʃ] vt. ①建立,设立②安置,使定居③确定,证实
[例] We’re trying to establish linkages between these groups and financial institutions. 我们正努力在这些团体和金融机构之间建立联系。
[近] ascertain vt.(经过努力后)查明,弄清,确定
27.downshift
['daʊnʃɪft] vi. ①(汽车等)换低挡②放慢节奏(以减轻压力)
[记] down-(向下)+ shift(转移)→向下转移 →调低,放慢
[例] You could also downshift by moving to an area with a lower cost of living. 你可以搬到一个生活成本较低的地方来放慢生活节奏。
28.shift
[ ʃɪft] n. ①转换,转变②轮班,换班 v. ①改变,转换②移动
[考] shift for yourself 独自设法应付,独立谋生,自立
[例] Politicians are reacting to this shift. 政客们正对这种转变作出反应。
29.switch
[swɪtʃ] n. ①开关,电闸②转换,转到,转向 v. ①转换,转到,转向②调班,调换上班时间③接通或切断(电源)
[考] switch to 转向
switch off 关掉
switch on 开启
[例] New technology made a switch to oil possible. 新技术使得转向使用石油成为可能。
30.downscale
[ daʊn'skeɪl] a.(商品、服务等)低档次的,廉价的 vt. 买卖(价廉质次的商品)
[例] If you’re eating at a downscale restaurant, a tip is not necessary. 如果你在一家低档次的餐馆就餐,就没有必要给小费。
31.scale
[skeɪl] n. ①刻度,标度②天平③磅秤④比例尺⑤规模⑥等级,级别
[考] on a large scale 大规模地
scale sth. down 减少(数量),缩小(规模或范围)
[例] The next year the work went ahead on a large scale. 第二年这项工作就大规模地进行了。
32.smooth
[smuːð] a. ①光滑的,平滑的②平稳的,平静的③顺利的④流畅的,柔和的 v. ①调停,平息,安抚②缓和,减轻
[考] smooth sth. over 缓和,调解,斡旋
smooth sth. out(尤指通过协商)消除(问题),解决(困难)
[例] The Chancellor is trying to smooth things over. 总理正试图调停局面。
以上内容来自专辑