2019年12月英语六级听力真题-第1套-录音1

听力试题、听力原文、答案：

一、听力试题：

Section C 

Recording 1
16.A) They are the oldest buildings in Europe.
B) They are part of the Christian tradition.
C) They are renovated to attract tourists.
D) They are in worsening condition.
17.A) They have a history of 14 centuries.
B) They are 40 metres tall on average.
C) They are without foundations.
D) They consist of several storeys.
18.A) Wood has harmonious with nature.
B) Wooden buildings kept the cold out.
C) Timber was abundant in Scandinavia.
D) The Vikings liked wooden structures.

Section C

Recording 1
Dating from as far back as the 12th century, they are claimed to bethe rarest historic buildings in western Europe. 12
These buildings offer vital insights into Scandinavias Viking past.
But now, with only 30 wooden churches remaining and their conditiondeteriorating, 30
experts are working to preserve the structures for futuregenerations.
Some of these spectacular churches are no more than smallbuildings, barely four meters wide and six meters tall.
Others are much larger structures.
They soar up to 40 meters into the cold air. 40
Most consist of timber frames that rest on stone blocks.
This means that they have no foundations.
Although many of the churches appear from the outside to be complexstructures,
they normally feature only a single storey but numerous different rooflevels.
Staff from the Norwegian government have carried out conservationwork on 10 of the churches over the past two years. 10
Most of these churches date from between the 12th and 14thcenturies. 1214
Other churches were conserved in previous years.
So far, specialists have worked to add preservative materials tothe churches exteriors.
They also replaced rotting roots and halted the sinking of thechurches into the ground.
In two cases, huge machines have been used to lift the buildings upto 30 centimeters into the air. 30
This was accomplished so that the team could examine and repair thechurches original medieval stone blocks.
The team plans to return to around a dozen of the buildings toassess progress and consider further action. 12
The earliest free-standing wooden church was probably built inNorway in around 1080. 1080
However, the largest known wooden churches were built from the1130s onwards. 1130
This period was one of inter-elite rivalry in which
nobles sought to increase their influence by funding theconstruction of churches and other buildings.
The reason for constructing the buildings from wood is probablythat
ideally proportioned straight and slender timber was available inlarge quantities in Scandinavias vast pine forests.
As wood was so plentiful, it was cheaper to use than the stone usedin the buildings of other European cultures.
The areas ship-building tradition, partly established by theVikings,
also meant that sophisticated carpentry was a major aspect of thelocal culture.
The complex style of the medieval wooden church carvings, and theskills used to make them,
almost certainly derive from the ancient Viking tradition.

16 What does the speaker say about the Viking wooden churches? ?
17 What is special about most of the Viking wooden churches? ?
18 Why were the Viking churches constructed from wood? ?

16-18：DCC

【翻译】

录音1

这些建筑可以追溯到12世纪，它们被认为是西欧最罕见的历史建筑。

它们为了解斯堪的纳维亚的维京人的历史提供了重要的视角。

不过现在，这些建筑只剩下30座木质教堂且情况正在恶化，专家们正努力为了子孙后代而保护这些建筑。

其中的一些壮观的教堂也不过是些面积较小的建筑，宽只有4米，高只有6米。

其他建筑的结构则相对较大，仰天矗立直达40米高的冷空气之中。

大部分的建筑坐落在石块上、由木架构成，这说明它们没有地基。

很多教堂虽然表面看上去结构复杂，但通常它们只有一层且屋顶高度参差不同。

在过去的两年里，挪威政府的工作人员已经对其中的10座教堂做了保护性工作。

这些教堂大多建于12至14世纪之间，其他的一些教堂则在前几年便已被保护下来。

目前为止，专家们已经在教堂外部涂上了防腐材料。

他们还换掉了腐烂的树根，阻止教堂下沉到地下。

在两个案例中，已经使用了巨型机器将建筑物提升到30厘米的高度。

提升完成之后小组便能够检查和修复教堂原本的中世纪石块。

该小组计划返回大约12座建筑以评估进展并考虑进一步的行动。

最早的独立木制教堂建于大概1080年前后的挪威。

然而，最大的木制教堂是在1130年代之后建造的。

这一时期是掌权人物之间竞争的时期之一，贵族们通过资助建造教堂和其他建筑来扩大自己的影响力。

用木材来建造这些建筑大概是因为

在斯堪的纳维亚广阔的松林中，有大量细长的、笔直的木材可供选择。

由于木材太过丰富，所以使用木材比使用其他欧洲文化建筑中使用的石头要更便宜。

该地区的造船传统从某种程度上来说是由维京人创立的，这也意味着复杂的木工是当地文化的主要方面。

中世纪木制教堂雕刻的复杂风格和制作技巧几乎可以肯定源于古代维京人的传统。

16. 关于维京木制教堂，叙述者讲了什么？

17. 大多的维京的木制教堂有什么特别之处？

18. 为什么维京人的教堂是用木头建造的？