副词-Adverb

副词

什么是副词呢？

副词是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词，用以修饰动词、形容词等。如：

I always walk fast.（副词fast修饰动词walk）

我总是走的很快。

The little boy is very cute.（副词very修饰形容词cute）

这个小男孩非常可爱。

1)副词的分类(共9类)

时间副词，如：today, now, ago, soon等；  

频率副词，如：always, frequently, often, seldom, never,等；

地点副词，如：here, there, somewhere, inside, outside等；

方式副词，如：carefully, suddenly, calmly, politely, proudly等；

程度副词，如：much, little, very, so, quite, slightly等；

疑问副词，如：how, when, where, why等；

关系副词，如：when, where, why等；  

连接副词，如：therefore, however, otherwise等；  

顺序副词，如：firstly, then, next, after that, finally等； 

2)副词的构成

副词一般由形容词+ly构成，如：politely, quickly, safely……，拼写规则如下。

a, 以e结尾不省略e+ly，如：

nice-nicely, wide-widely,

strange-strangely, complete-completely

例外：true-truly, whole-wholly

b, 以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i再+ly，如：

easy-easily, lucky-luckily, angry-angrily,

happy-happily, heavy-heavily

c, 以le结尾，变le为ly，如：

simple-simply, possible-possibly,

comfortable-comfortably, terrible-terribly

d, 以ic结尾，变ic为ically，如：

dramatic-dramatically, specific-specifically,

automatic-automatically, scientific-scientifically

3)副词的用法

1.形容词修饰名词,副词修饰动词，如：

Tim is a careful driver.     Tim always drives carefully.

Susan is a good pianist.     Susan plays the piano well.

The man was angry.           The man ate angrily.

The children were happy.     The children played happily.

2. 副词也修饰形容词或副词，如：

Her daughter is very beautiful.

Her daughter studies very hard.

The examination was surprisingly easy.

Jack learns language incredibly quickly.

4)副词的比较级和最高级

a, 一般情况+er、est，以e结尾+r、st，如：

late-later-latest；fast-faster-fastest;

hard-harder-hardest; soon-sooner-soonest.

I will study harder than before.

b, 以ly结尾的副词，一般+more、most，如：

wisely-more wisely-most wisely,

clearly-more clearly-most clearly

He speaks English more clearly than I.

例外：early-earlier-earliest

He arrived earlier than usual.

c, 不规则变化情况，如：

well-better-best, badly-worse-worst.

He swims better than I do.