连词-Conjunction

连词

什么是连词呢？

连词不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词，短语与短语以及句子与句子的作用。如：I like singing and my little sister likes dancing.我喜欢唱歌，我妹妹喜欢跳舞。and在这个句子里面并没有被翻译出来，而只起到了连接前后两个句子的作用。

连词可以分为两类：并列连词和从属连词；并列连词用于简单句或并列句，而从属连词用于从句，起到了引导词的作用，我们也可以把它叫做关系连词。

1) 并列连词：

并列连词在简单句中的应用：

Simon used to live in Paris and London.

Both Jane and Jim are interested in pop music.

She is not only kind but also honest.

Bob as well as his parents is going on holiday soon

Would you like tea or coffee?

You can come either on Saturday or on Sunday.

Neither you nor I believe such things.

并列连词在并列句中的应用：

I teach English and my wife teaches Chinese.

Would you like to leave or would you like to stay?

My father likes eating pork, but my mother likes eating fish.

It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.

It was late, so we went home.

2)从属连词

a.表示原因关系的连词，如：

I turned the air conditioner on because it was cold.

As we have no money, we can’t buy it.

b.表示条件关系的连词，如：

Ruby might buy a car if she passes her test.

You won't speak English well unless you practice.

c.表示目的关系的连词，如：

He left early in order that he would arrive on time.

Let me remind you once again so that you won't forget.

注意：在以上从句中从属连词具有一定的词义，但在句子中不做任何成分。

从属连词的分类

从属连词用于名词性从句(主表宾同)和状语从句中时，可以分为3大类：

1. 具有一定词义，但在句中不做任何成分，如：because, as, if, unless, in order that, so that等；既无词义，也不做任何成分的连词that也属于这一类。

He said that he didn’t want to go.

That he came late again made his teacher angry.

He asked me if I could help him.

He studies hard so that he can pass the exam.

2. 连接代词，如：who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever等；

I know who he is.

I don’t know whom he is waiting for.

He asked whose computer it was.

Do you know which country is the largest.

What we need is time.

Whoever did it should be punished.

Whichever you want is yours.

Whatever you do, I will support you.

3. 连接副词，如：when，where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however等；

I want to be a teacher when I grow up.

I know where he is living.

This is why I was late for work.

I don’t know how I can solve the problem.

Whenever I meet her, she always looks happy.

Wherever you go, I will go with you.

However much he eats, he never gets fat.

注意：

who, whom, whose, which, what用于定语从句中叫做关系代词；

when，where, why, how用于定语从句中叫关系副词；

who, whom, whose, which, what用于简单句中叫做疑问代词；

when，where, why, how用于简单句中叫疑问副词；