状语从句-时间状语从句

状语从句-时间状语从句

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副词性从句(状语从句)

状语从句就是由一个句子来充当状语。起副词的作用,所以状语从句又叫做副词性从句。

* 状语与状语从句

  状语就是事物发生的时间、地点、原因、结果等。如:

Tom went into the classroom this morning.

  状语从句就是一个句子充当另一个句子的状语,表示主句动作发生的时间、地点、原因、结果等。如:

When Tom went into the classroom this morning,I was teaching the kids.

注:当状语从句位于句首或句中时,通常用逗号与主句隔开,位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。

在上面这个例句中,从句是描述主句动作发生的时间,因此准确的来讲,它是一个时间状语从句。根据从句的不同作用,状语从句可以分为9种:时间状语从句,地点状语从句,原因状语从句,目的状语从句,结果状语从句,条件状语从句,让步状语从句,比较状语从句,方式状语从句。

时间状语从句的连词(引导词)

1、常用引导词:when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since, not...until,until/till等

a, when引导时间状语从句时表示当……的时候, when既可以指时间段也可指时间点,从句中既可用延续性动词又可用非延续性动词,且动作既可和主句的动作同时发生,又可以在主句的动作之前或之后发生, 如:

I'll call you when I get there.

My wife was cooking dinner when I came home.

When the wind blows, all the doors rattle.

He stopped trying, when he would have succeeded next time.

注意1:如果when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同, 而从句的谓语又是be动词时, 那么从句中的主语和be可以省略。如:

When you are in trouble, ask her for help.

When in trouble, ask her for help.

注意2:当when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同时, 往往还可以用“when+分词”的形式替代该状语从句。如:

When I came into the room, I found him lying there asleep.

When coming into the room, I found him lying there asleep.

b, while引导时间状语从句时,表示当……的时候, 它强调主句的动作与从句的动作同时持续地进行,(往往侧重主句和从句动作的对比), 用这一用法时while引导的时间状语从句和主句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。如:

We must strike while the iron is hot.

While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.

c, as引导时间状语从句时表示“当……时, 一边……一边……”, 侧重表示两个动作同时发生(包括一个主语同时进行两个动作), 或者一种动作随着另一种动作的变化而变化。As引导的动作是延续性动作。如:

I slipped on the ice as I ran home.

He played his mobile phone as he went along.

注意3:当when, as, while表示“在某段时间里”,主从句的动作同时发生时可以互换。如:

When we were discussing, Mr. Simon came in.

While we were discussing, Mr. Simon came in.

As we were discussing, Mr. Simon came in.

d, as soon as引导的时间状语从句,表示“一...就...”。如:

I will tell her the good news as soon as she comes back.

My family always go somewhere interesting as soon as winter holiday comes.

e, before引导时间状语从句时表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前 。如:

See me before you leave.

Before you drive, you will have to pass the driving test.

f, after引导时间状语从句时表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后。如:

I saw them after I arrived.

I found his pen after he left.

g, till和until:表示直到,一般情况下可以互换。till不能用在句首,而until可以放在句首。如:

I didn't go to bed until (till) my father came back.

I worked until (till) he came back.

Until he came back I stopped my work.

Please wait until I arrived.

h, since引导的时间状语从句,表示自从……以来,其用法主要有两种:

(1), 现在完成时的主句+since引导的一般过去时态的时间状语从句。如:

He hasn't been home since he graduated.

They have been friends since they were in primary school.

What have you been doing since I saw you last time?

(2), It be+表示一段时间的词汇+since引导的时间状语从句。如:

It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.

It was three years since we had been there.

It is two hours since he left the classroom.

注意4:在时间状语从句中,不能用任何一种将来时,如:一般将来时、过去将来时态或将来完成时,而要用相应的一般现在时态、一般过去时或现在完成时来代替。如:

I'll telephone you as soon as I get there.

She said she would phone me as soon as she got there.

Don't get off the bus until it has stopped.

2、特殊引导词:the moment(the day,the minute, the second), every time(each time, whenever), directly/immediately等

The moment I heard the news, I rushed to the spot.

Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.

Each time he came to Harbin, he would visit me.

Whenever that man says“To tell the truth”, I suspect that he's about to tell a lie.

I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast.

注意5:由by the time引导的时间状语从句,要注意时态的变化:在一般情况下,如果从句的谓语动词用一般过去时,主句的谓语动词用过去完成时;如果从句的谓语动词用一般现在时,主句的谓语动词用将来完成时。如:

By the time you came back, I had finished this book.

By the time you come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work.

注意6:由as long as引导的时间状语从句,表示只要。如:

You can go where you like as long as you get back before dark.

选择正确的选项。

1.He was told that it would be at least three more months ____ he could recover and return to work.

A. when

B. before

C. since

D. that

正确答案:B

2. Why didn't you tell him about the meeting?

He rushed out of the room ____ I could say a word.

A. before

B. until

C. when

D. after

正确答案:A

3. It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life ____ we've actually had that lesson.

A. until

B. after

C. since

D. when

正确答案:A

4. What was the party like?

Wonderful. It's years ____ I enjoyed myself so much.

A. after

B. before

C. when

D. since

正确答案:D

5. They ____ friends since they met in Shanghai.

A. have made

B. have become

C. have been

D. have turned

正确答案:C

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用户评论
  • KalyZ

    试听很具体哦,想听后面

    Jerry的英语课堂 回复 @KalyZ: 那就去听吧 后面的课程也很精彩