2册-080************************

【对应原书94课】

1. 如何摆事实，讲道理？

我们之前学习的课文多数在学如何讲故事（how to tell a story），

而这篇文章的重点是学习如何阐述观点（How to make a point）。

If you want to make your point convincing, you need to show evidence.

全文结构解析： 

论点: Key point

“Experiments have proved that children can be instructed in swimming at a very early age.”

论据：What are the facts that support the conclusion mentioned in the first sentence ?

1）First of all, children are able to hold their breath under water before they can walk.

2）In addition, two-month-old babies soon get used to swimming, and can even pick up weights from the bottom of a swimming pool.

3）Finally , underwater tricycle race shows the great potential of these young swimmers.

结尾Comment:

We will wait and see whether they will become future Olympic champions.

如何表达结论和观点句型：

1）Experiments have proved that+结论_________【听记1】

2）Numerous studies show that +结论__________【听记2】

3）According to a recent survey, +结论______【听记3】

4）There is ample evidence that+结论_______【听记4】 

造句：Experiments have proved that people tend to remember information that supports their existing beliefs.

【注：确认偏误（confirmation bias）】

Numerous studies show that focusing on happy things makes you a happier person.                                                         

According to a recent survey, over 70% of Chinese netizens shop on line.

There is ample evidence that the Earth is getting warmer, and human activity is largely to blame.

【sb/sth is to blame （for sth）某人/某事物（对某事）负有责任】

2. It is not long before they are so accustomed to swimming that they can pick up weights from the floor of the pool.

句型1：Itis not long before ...   没过多久，就...

过去时：It was not long before ...当时，没过多久，就....

将来时：It will not be long before ....用不了多久，就....

复习57课：before的思维 

请区别：

It is not long before A

It will be a long time before A

场景造句：

场景1：It was not long before we got into trouble.

场景2：It will not be long before ordinary people can travel in space .

It will be a long time before human beings can live on other planets.

句型2：习惯于做...  

be accustomed to doing  =  be used to doing  （注意：这里的to是介词）

造句：

Micheal is accustomed to getting up early in the morning.

= Micheal is used to getting up early in the morning.

Nancy has been accustomed to being alone.

= Nancy has been used to being alone.

如果强调习惯的过程,把be动词换成表变化的动词：become/get

Nancy quickly got accustomed to being alone.

= Nancy quickly got used to being alone.

3. 宾语的“大漂移”

Whether they will ever become future Olympic champions, only time will tell.

相当于：Only time will tell whether they will ever become future Olympic champions.

为啥要把宾语前置？

目的是_____【听记5】

例子1：Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows.

例子2：

Dad：This important lesson I hope you will keep in mind.

Son：What you have told me , I will never forget.

例3：I don't eat much spicy food. But spicy fish I really like.

例4：What we should do next , I don't quite know.

古汉语中也很多宾语前置：

比如：唯命是听（命是听的宾语），唯利是图（利是图的宾语）。

学到这，你可能发现，似乎，语法好像很多规律都可以打破，或者有例外。

那么，该如何学习语法？

听听东欣老师的体会和建议：

___________【听记6】

听记答案 

1.表达实验证明

2.诸多研究显示

3.结论来自一项调查

4.用很多证据来证明

5.突出强调宾语要表达的内容和信息

6.不可不学语法，但不可过多依赖语法，我们更要学习的是语法背后的人类的感情、思维和沟通的逻辑。