2册-080*************************

【对应原书94课】

1.Los Angeles

洛杉矶

Los Angeles is the second most populous city in the United States, after New York City.

The name Los Angeles comes from the Spanish language, which means "The Angels".

Los Angeles通常简写为: L.A.

为什么一个美国城市是西班牙语名字呢？

California used to be a part of Mexico.

California was ceded(割让) to the United States in 1848 after the Mexican–American War.

加州有很多的城市地名都是来自西班牙语。

比如：San Francisco，San Diego，San Jose.

“San”就是英语中“Saint”圣人的意思。

比如：San Francisco = Saint Francis

When it comes to Los Angeles, people often think of the beautiful sunshine, diverse cultures , Hollywood and the Academy Awards.

文化趣闻：How did Hollywood become the home of the U.S. film industry?

19世纪末的时候，爱迪生发明了电影摄影机（ the motion picture camera）。

In the early 20th century, most motion picture patents were held by Thomas Edison's Motion Picture Patents Company in New Jersey.

At that time, filmmakers were often sued to stop their productions. To avoid being sued, filmmakers began moving out west to Los Angeles, where attempts to enforce（执法，强制执行）Edison's patents were easier to evade.

The ideal weather, mountains, plains（平原）and low land prices made Hollywood a fantastic place to establish film studios. As a result, Hollywood gradually became the home of the U.S. film industry.  

2.instruct v.  

复习：69课中：我们学过struct = build

instruct v. =“in+struct”

表示“指导，传授”和“指示，命令”

儿童很小的时候就接受游泳方面的训练和指导。

Children can be instructed in swimming at a very early age.

Children can be instructed in speaking English at a very early age.

Children can be instructed in music and painting at a very early age.

注意区别：instruct sb in doing 是“____”【听记1】

Instruct sb to do 是“____” 【听记2】

如果说 The kids are instructed to swim every day.

表示：孩子们每天都被要求游泳。

3.reluctant  

 adj.勉强的，不愿意的

用法：be reluctant to do = be unwilling to do

场景造句：

In daily life, there are a lot of things people are reluctant to do.

In public, people are reluctant to talk about their private lives.

When asked about her age, the lady was reluctant to answer the question.

The boy is so shy that he is reluctant to talk to other people except his mother.

Most people are reluctant to admit their mistakes.

If you are reluctant to admit your mistakes, you are reluctant to grow.

reluctance n. ____【听记3】

If you want to achieve something, both willingness and ability matter.

Nothing is difficult unless you do it with reluctance.

东欣老师：两个“学习发动机”是什么？

There are two “learning engines”: a sustainable interest and a sense of achievement.

With these two “learning engines”, English learning will become unstoppable.

4.tricycle 

n.三轮车

词源： tri表示“三”+  cycle表示“圈，轮子”

1）one：uni   

unicycle n.独轮车

unique adj.独一无二的

unicorn n.独角兽 （词根-corn = horn动物的角）

（所以，商业领域，把估值10亿美金以上的快速发展的初创公司称为独角兽公司）

2）two:  bi  

bicycle n.自行车

bilingual adj.会说两种语言的

3）three : tri

tricycle n.三轮车

trilingual adj.会说三种语言的

triangle n.三角形

trio n.三重唱，三重奏

triple v.变成三倍

*His income has tripled in the last two years.

以上三个前缀属于最常用的数字前缀，

这课，我们再了解更多“表示数字”的前缀，大家做一些了解

4）four : quadri-/ quadru-

quadruple  /kwɑ'drupl/  v.变成四倍   

*The number of college students has quadrupled in the past decade.

quadrilateral  /,kwɑdrɪ'lætərəl/  n.四边形 （词根：“later”表示边）

5）five :  penta-

pentagon n.五角形，五边形

The Pentagon n.五角大楼

6）six :  hexa- / sex-   

hexagon  /'hɛksəɡɑn/ n.六角形,六边形

= sexangle

7）seven :  hapt-/ sept-

heptagon  /'hɛptəɡɑn/ n.七角形；七边形    

= septangle n.七角形；七边形

September n.  九月

（听录音：为啥sept表示“七”，而September却是九月？）

8）Eight :  Octo-

Octopus n.章鱼

October n.十月  

（听录音：为啥，Octo表示“八”而October是十月？）

5. gasp v. 

1) 急促呼吸(常因为呼吸困难)

When you gasp for air or breath, you breathe quickly in a way that can be heard, because you are having difficulty breathing.

gasp for air/breath 喘气

Michael must be a poor swimmer, as he frequently comes to the surface of the water gasping for air/breath.

I was gasping for air after climbing to the top of the mountain.   

【= I was out of breath after....】

2.引申义：

gasp at sth. = be very surprised at...

I gasped at the wonderful view from the top of the mountain.

这样的景色也可以叫作：a breathtaking view

造句：The scientists gasped at the fantastic pictures sent back by the Hubble telescope.

听记答案 

1.指导，传授某人做某事

2.命令某人做某事

3.不情愿，没有意愿