45 目的结果状语从句

一、目的状语从句

1、目的状语从句通常由so that、in order that引导，通常翻译为了什么或以便怎么样。

由于目的都是未来的行为，所以从句中一般用表示未来可能性时态，常含can,could, may, might, will, would等情态动词。

例如：He got up early so that he can get to school on time.

We used the computer in order that we might save time.

注意：in order that 可用于句首，也可用于句中，而so that只能用于句中

In order that we might save time, we used the computer.

2、so that 可引导目的状语从句，此时可用 to 或 in order to 替换,将其改为简单句。

例如刚才的例句：He got up early so that he can get to school on time.

可以改为：He got up early to get to school on time.

或者改为：He got up early in order to get to school on time.

3、in order that与in order to的区别

in order that+从句，in order to这里的to是不定式，后跟动词原形，in order to后面接的并不是目的状语从句，而是目的状语

例如：他起床很早是为了赶上第一班公共汽车

He got up early in order to take the first bus.

= He got up early in order that he could take the first bus.

二、结果状语从句

结果状语从句通常由 so……that，such……that引导，通常翻译为“如此……以至于”

1、在由 so...that 引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词（副词）连用。

其结构是: “...so + 形容词+ that +  从句”。

例如：He was so glad that he couldn't say a word.

常见的句型结构还有 .so + many/few/much/little+ 名词+that +从句

many和few后面接可数名词复数，many表示多，few表示少；

There were so many people here that I couldn’t find Alice

There were so few people here that I could find Alice immediately.

much和little后面接不可数名词，much表示多，与many是“双胞胎”，little表示少，与few相对应。

There is so much water in this bottle that I can’t drink it up.

There is so little water in this bottle that I can drink it up in one gulp.

2、在由 such……that引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，修饰名词；

其结构是: “...such +a/ an + 形容词+名词+ that + 从句”

例如：It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.

注意：such an interesting film= so interesting a film，始终记住such是形容词，修饰名词，so是副词，修饰形容词或副词。

3、有时候so……that和such……that 可以互换。

例如：It was such a wonderful film that we wanted to see it again.

=The film was so wonderful that we wanted to see it again.

4、如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时，只能用 so，不用such。

例如：He has so little time that he can't go to the cinema with you. 这里不能用such

5、可以用 too...to...句型转化，表示太什么了而不能怎样。

例如：The box is so heavy that I can‘t carry it. =The box is too heavy for me to carry.

注意，too...to...结构中，当句子的主语和to do不定式的宾语是同一事物的时候，我们必须省略宾语，所以too to这句话中carry不能跟it，甚至我们可以把整个不定式to do都省略变成The box is too heavy for me。

6、如果主句和从句的主语相同，但从句是肯定的形式，可以用 adj.+ enough替换。

例如：他足够大了，可以去上学。

He is so old that he could go to school. = He is old enough to go to school.

三、so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句

区别这两种从句的办法有两个：

1、目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词 can, could, may, might 等。

2、从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确，so that往往直接连在一起，而so that引导结果状语从句，往往中间有其他单词把它们分开。

例如：Speak clearly so that they may understand you. (目的状语从句)

 Jack is so badly ill that he has to rest. (结果状语从句)