11月29日午间英语新闻：剑桥词典年度词汇出炉！'这个词当选

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'Perseverance' named word of the year
'毅力'当选剑桥词典年度词汇

Cambridge Dictionary's word of the year for 2021 has been revealed as "perseverance". The word was inspired by NASA’s mission to Mars, as data showed that users across the globe searched for the word online more than 243,000 times throughout the year. The dictionary found there was a surge in searches for the meaning of "perseverance" between Feb 18 and 24, after NASA’s Perseverance Rover landed on Mars. 
《剑桥词典》日前公布2021年度词汇为"毅力"。该词的当选得益于美国宇航局的火星任务，数据显示，全球用户从年初至今对"毅力"一词的网络搜索量超过了24.3万次。《剑桥词典》发现，在美国宇航局的"毅力号"探测器登陆火星后，2月18日至24日期间网友对"毅力"含义的搜索量激增。

"Perseverance” is defined in the Cambridge Dictionary as a "continued effort to do or achieve something, even when this is difficult or takes a long time". Editors felt it was an appropriate word for the year, given the challenges of 2021. People had shown the meaning of the word "in the face of challenges and disruption to our lives from Covid-19 and other problems".
《剑桥词典》将"毅力"一词定义为"不断努力地做某事或实现某个目标，无论有多困难或需要花多长时间"。编辑们认为考虑到2021年的种种挑战，"毅力"很适合做年度词汇。人们"面对疫情和其他问题给生活带来的挑战和挫折"展示出了"毅力"一词的内涵。

重点词汇
1、perseverance
英 /ˌpɜːsəˈvɪərəns/  美 /ˌpɜːrsəˈvɪrəns/ 
n. 毅力，不屈不挠的精神

Sales of dogs and cats at pet shops banned
法国将禁止宠物店销售猫狗

France will ban pet shops from selling dogs and cats from 2024 as part of efforts to prevent abandonment. Under a new animal welfare law approved by the Senate on Thursday, licensed breeders and shelters will be among the few options for would-be owners. Owners will also be required to sign a commitment certificate confirming their knowledge of the needs of the animals. Purchases can be canceled within seven days. 
为防止猫狗被遗弃，法国规定从2024年起禁止宠物店出售猫和狗。根据11月18日法国参议院通过的一项新的动物福利法案，有饲养意愿的人只能在有执照的饲养者和动物收容所购买猫狗。此外，他们还需要在购买时签署一份承诺书，以证明他们了解动物的需求。买后7天内还可以反悔。

The provisions are designed to prevent impulsive buying, which is a factor behind abandonment. A pet food industry association says nearly 22 million dogs and cats are kept as pets in France. But according to animal welfare groups, 100,000 are abandoned every year.
这些规定旨在防止冲动购买，这也是遗弃猫狗的一个因素。一家宠物食品行业协会表示，法国目前有近2200万只猫和狗被当做宠物饲养，但根据动物福利组织的统计，每年约有10万只遭到遗弃。

重点词汇
1、abandonment
英 /əˈbændənmənt/  美 /əˈbændənmənt/ 
n. 抛弃；放纵

Major shifts in dating from COVID-19
疫情下成熟伴侣更受青睐

The largest annual scientific study on single adults shows that COVID-19 has caused a dramatic shift in people's priorities when it comes to dating, sex and love. Faculty from the Kinsey Institute at Indiana University say some of the changes could last well beyond the pandemic. Data from the 2021 study shows that 83% of singles want a partner who's emotionally mature. Only 78% want someone physically attractive, compared to 90% in 2020. That mindset change is also reflected in a drastic increase in those interested in marriage. 
本年度规模最大的单身成年人科学研究表明，受疫情影响，人们在约会、性和爱情中最看重的元素发生了显著变化。印第安纳大学金赛研究所的研究人员表示，某些变化可能在疫情结束之后仍会持续存在。2021年的研究数据显示，83%的单身人士想要一个情感成熟的伴侣。只有78%的人希望找颜值高的人，而2020年这一比例为90%。对婚姻感兴趣的人数急剧增加也反映出了这种心态的变化。

The number of singles who want a partner desiring marriage jumped from 58% two years ago to 76% this year—and men and younger adults are leading in this pattern. With that focus on stability, casual sex has become a lower priority for singles than in the past, with more focusing on emotional connection.
想要结婚的单身人士数量从两年前的58%跃升到今年的76%，其中以男性和年轻人居多。随着对稳定性的需求增加，随意风流对于单身人士没有以前那么重要了，他们更关注情感的维系。

重点词汇
1、mindset
英 /ˈmaɪndset/  美 /ˈmaɪndset/ 
n. 观念模式，思维倾向

Housework promotes health in old age
常做家务的人老年更健康

Researchers have suggested tasks like dusting, scrubbing floors and washing the windows might help adults stay healthy into old age. Writing in the journal BMJ Open, a Singapore-based team of researchers said regular physical activity “improves physical and mental health, mitigates the risks and effects of chronic diseases, and reduces falls, immobility, dependency and mortality among older adults”. 
研究人员指出，打扫灰尘、拖地、擦窗等家务活可能有助于人们到老年以后保持身体健康。研究报告指出，常做体力活动可以"改善身心健康，减轻慢性病的风险和影响，降低老年人跌倒、卧床不起、失去独立生活能力和死亡的几率"。该研究结果由一个新加坡研究团队发表在《英国医学杂志》上。

The study involved 249 participants aged 21-64 and 240 participants aged 65-90. Sit-to-stand times were lower for older adults reporting higher amounts of heavy housework, while they were also assessed as being at lower risk of having a fall. Cognitive scores and attention scores were 8% and 14% higher, respectively, for older adults doing high amounts of heavy housework – on average 131 minutes a week – compared with low levels.
该研究涵盖了249名21至64岁的参与者和240名65至90岁的参与者。相比很少做家务的老年人，做大量重度家务的老年人报告的从椅子上站起来的时间更短，与此同时评估显示他们跌倒的风险也更低。做大量重度家务(每周平均131分钟)的老年人认知功能和注意力得分比很少做家务的老年人分别高出8%和14%。

重点词汇
1、immobility
英 /ˌɪməˈbɪləti/  美 /ˌɪməˈbɪləti/ 
n. 不动，固定