58 连词：词和句的桥梁

连词分为并列连词和从句连词两种，在句中不作语法成分，而是用来连接语法成分。

一、并列连词

1. 并列单词、短语，简单句或句群等相同的词性或成分，传统上有四个词：and, or, but, so；有些语法书根据含义或功能将某些副词也归入到并列连词范畴，如 yet, still, thus, therefore 等。举例：

He is tall, dark and hansome. 他身材高大，皮肤黝黑，相貌英俊。

Would you like some coffee or tea? 您想喝点咖啡还是喝点茶？

He worked very hard, but still failed the exam. 他很勤奋，但依然没有通过考试。

I caught a cold, so I went to see a doctor. 我感冒了，于是我去看了医生。

2. 并列连词有如下扩展模型。

（1）both ... and ...（……和……都）。举例：

Both he and I like swimming. 我和他都喜欢游泳。

（2）either... or... （要么……要么……）；否定式为：neither ... nor ...（既不……也不……）。举例：

I want to go for a walk, either in the park or along the river. 我想去散散步，要么去公园，要么去河边。

It is neither hot in summer nor cold in winter here. 这里夏天不热，冬天不冷。

（3）not ... but ... （不是……而是……）。举例：

He does not love Mary, but loves Jane. 他不是爱玛丽，而是爱琼。

（4）not only ... but also ... （不但……而且）。举例：

We were not only tired but also hungry. 我们当时不仅累了，而且饿了。

二、从句连词

连接各类从句。举例：

He said that he used to live in a village. 他说他以前住在一个小山村。（连词是 that）

What he said is true. 他说的是事实。（连词是 what）

Put on your coat because it is very cold outside. 穿上外套，因为外貌很冷。（连词是 because）