11月3日午间英语新闻：神舟十六号飞船返回舱成功着陆

> Shenzhou XVI crew safely lands on Earth after five-month mission
神舟十六号飞船返回舱成功着陆

The Shenzhou XVI mission crew returned to Earth on Tuesday morning, concluding a historic, five-month mission. The Shenzhou XVI spacecraft's reentry capsule, carrying the three astronauts — mission commander Major General Jing Haipeng, Colonel Zhu Yangzhu and Professor Gui Haichao — touched down at 8:11 am at the Dongfeng Landing Site in Gobi Desert in the Inner Mongolia autonomous region.
10月31日上午，神舟十六号载人飞船返回地球，结束了为期五个月的历史性任务。神舟十六号载人飞船的返回舱载着三名宇航员——指令长景海鹏 、航天飞行工程师朱杨柱、载荷专家桂海潮，于当日上午8点11分在内蒙古的沙漠戈壁区东风着陆场成功着陆。

Following safety checks outside the capsule, ground recovery personnel opened the hatch of the bell-shaped vehicle and conducted a preliminary examination of the astronauts' condition. Sitting inside the capsule, Jing told ground controllers in Beijing via radio that his team had landed safely and were "feeling pretty good".
在太空舱外进行安全检查后，地面回收人员打开了钟形太空舱的舱门，对宇航员的状况进行了初步检查。坐在太空舱里的景海鹏通过无线电告诉北京的地面控制人员，他的团队已经安全着陆且“感觉很好”。

Jing's team entered the Tiangong station on May 30. Their journey was China's 11th manned spaceflight and the fifth crewed mission to the Tiangong space station. The journey was the debut flight of China's third generation of astronauts. For the next six months, Tiangong will be manned by the Shenzhou XVII crew, who arrived at the space station on Thursday evening.
神舟十六号机组人员于今年5月30日进入天宫站。这是中国第11次载人航天飞行，也是第五次进入天宫空间站执行载人飞行任务，同样还是中国第三代航天员的首次飞行。在接下来的六个月里，天宫站将由神舟十七号机组负责，他们已于26日晚间抵达空间站。

> Getting less slow-wave sleep as you age may increase your risk of dementia
研究：深睡眠时间减少将增大患痴呆症风险

Loss of slow-wave sleep as you age may increase your risk of developing dementia, according to a new study. 
一项新研究发现，随着年龄增长，慢波睡眠时间的减少可能会增加患痴呆症的风险。

"We found that aging was associated with a decline in the amount of the deepest stages of sleep, known as slow wave sleep,” said Matthew P. Pase, senior author of the study published Monday in the journal JAMA Neurology, via email. Pase is an associate professor of psychology and neurology at Monash University in Australia.
上月30日发表在学术期刊《美国医学会杂志—神经病学》上的这项研究的资深作者、澳大利亚莫纳什大学心理学与神经学副教授马修•P•帕赛在电子邮件中说：“我们发现，年龄增长与深睡眠（即慢波睡眠）数量的减少有关。”

"We then found that persons with greater declines in slow wave sleep over time had a higher risk of getting dementia over the next 17 years of follow-up,” said Pase via email.
帕赛在电邮中说：“我们还发现，随着时间的推移，慢波睡眠下降幅度较大的人在接下来17年的随访中患痴呆症的风险较高。”

Slow-wave sleep is the third stage of sleep, which is important for brain health. During this stage, the body removes unwanted, or potentially harmful, materials from the brain — including beta-amyloid protein, a hallmark sign of Alzheimer’s disease. "Results suggest that chronic declines in slow wave sleep, rather than individual differences at any given time, are important for predicting dementia risk,” Pase said.
慢波睡眠是睡眠的第三个阶段，对大脑健康非常重要。在这一阶段的睡眠中，人体会清除大脑中不需要或可能有害的物质，包括β-淀粉样蛋白，这种物质是阿尔茨海默病的一个标志性特征。

The researchers studied 346 people who were aged 69 on average and had participated in the Framingham Heart Study and completed two overnight sleep studies — one between 1995 to 1998 and the second between 1998 to 2001 — during which their sleep was monitored. Launched by the US National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute in 1948, the Framingham Heart Study identifies common factors contributing to cardiovascular disease. The authors also investigated whether any changes in the amount of slow-wave sleep that participants got was associated with developing dementia up to 17 years after they completed the sleep studies.
研究人员对平均年龄为69岁、参加过弗雷明汉心脏研究的346人进行了研究，分别在1995年至1998年间以及1998年至2001年间完成了两项夜间睡眠研究，在这期间对他们的睡眠进行了监测。美国国家心肺和血液研究所1948年发起的弗雷明汉心脏研究查明了导致心血管疾病的常见因素。研究作者还调查了参与者慢波睡眠时间的任何变化是否与完成睡眠研究17年后患痴呆症有关。

By that time, 52 participants had been diagnosed with dementia. Each percentage decrease in slow-wave sleep per year was linked with a 27% increased risk of developing dementia and a 32% higher risk of Alzheimer’s disease dementia. The rate of slow-wave sleep loss accelerated from age 60, peaked from ages 75 to 80 and slowed afterward.
研究结束17年内，已有52名参与者确诊了痴呆症。慢波睡眠时间每年每减少1%，患痴呆症的风险就增加27%，患阿尔茨海默病的风险就增加32%。慢波睡眠时间减少速度从60岁起加快，在75岁至80岁期间达到顶峰，之后又逐渐变慢。

Those who experienced declines in this deep sleep were more likely to have cardiovascular disease, take medications that affect sleep and carry a gene that makes people more at risk for Alzheimer’s (the APOE ε4 allele).
深睡眠减少的人群更可能患上心血管疾病，以及服用影响睡眠的药物，携带阿尔茨海默病高风险基因APOE ε4 allele的人也更可能出现深睡眠减少。