世界观| 智性恋天花板！为什么一到夏天就想重温夏洛克·福尔摩斯

要说最火版《夏洛克福尔摩斯》是哪一版，

If you ask which version of Sherlock Holmes is hottest,

我说是“卷福”本尼迪克特·康伯巴奇

I would say the version of “Curly Holmes” Benedict Cumberbatch

和“潮爷”马丁·弗瑞曼版本应该毫无争议吧。

and Martin Freeman.

自英国广播公司于2010年7月、8月播放该剧第一集三集后，

Since the BBC aired the first three episodes of the series in July and August 2010,

每个夏天“福尔摩斯迷”们都会自发的在夏天重温这一推理神剧，

"Sherlock Holmes fans" will spontaneously rewatch this suspense drama in the summer,

并得出新的判断与观后感。

and come to new judgments and impressions.

人们在看《夏洛克福尔摩斯》时，是在看什么？

What are people thinking when they watch Sherlock Holmes?

当人们在看由19世纪末的英国侦探小说家亚瑟·柯南·道尔所塑造的，

What are people thinking

《福尔摩斯探案》小说人物福尔摩斯时，会思考什么问题？

when they watch Sherlock Holmes portrayed by the late 19th century British detective novelist Arthur Conan Doyle?

讨论最多的就是福尔摩斯的“演绎法”

The most discussed is whether Sherlock Holmes's "deductive method"

是否真的可行有效，

is really feasible and effective,

以及衍生出的问题

and the questions that arise from it like

“我该如何能像福尔摩斯那样擅长推理”

"How can I be as good at reasoning as Sherlock Holmes",

“如何在日常生活中提高推理逻辑”

"How to improve reasoning logic in daily life",

“如何成为一个像福尔摩斯一样的人”，

and "How to become a person like Sherlock Holmes".

关于这些问题，我建议先买一顶福尔摩斯帽。

On these questions, I recommend buying a Sherlock Holmes hat first .

演绎法的核心就是溯因推理，“如果P，那么Q”，

The core of deduction is abductive reasoning, "if P, then Q".

其中“P”代表一些观察证据，

"P" represents some observational evidence

“Q”是证据所指向的答案。

and "Q" is the answer to which the evidence points.

同时，在书中的福尔摩斯并不对自己过于自信，

At the same time, Sherlock Holmes in the book is not overconfident in himself.

相反，他很小心，福尔摩斯告诉华生：

On the contrary, he is very careful, Holmes tells Watson,

“如果以后你觉得我过于自信我的能力，

"If in the future you feel that I am overconfident in my ability,

或在办一件案子时下的功夫不够，

or that I have not worked hard enough to solve a case,

请你最好在我耳旁轻轻提醒，那我一定会感激不尽的。”

please gently remind me, then I will be grateful."

而关于普通人如何使用演绎法，

As for how ordinary people use deduction,

在问答网站Quora上有一则高赞回答，

there is a highly recognized answer on Quora,

这则用法需要：接受直觉、体会视觉嗅觉声音与肢体语言、

which requires accepting intuition, experiencing the sense of sight, smelling, sound and body language,

永远不要低估他人、突出逻辑、分步骤分析等。

never underestimating others, highlighting logic, step by step analysis, etc.

同时，需要掌握微表情、性格类型、社会心理学、

At the same time, it is necessary to master micro-expressions, personality types, social psychology,

认知心理学、社会学、人类学、宗教与伦理、

cognitive psychology, sociology, anthropology, religion and ethics,

人格障碍理论、应用统计学、时尚理论等知识点。

personality disorder theory, applied statistics, fashion theory and so on.

听起来很难对吧？

Sounds hard, right?

那真的有人能达成福尔摩斯那样的高水平演绎吗？

Can anyone really achieve a high level of rendition like Sherlock Holmes?

原作作者柯南·道尔曾说过，

The original author Conan Doyle once said that

夏洛克·福尔摩斯这个角色的灵感来自于约瑟夫·贝尔，也就是道尔的老师。

the character of Sherlock Holmes was inspired by Joseph Bell, that is, Doyle's teacher.

与福尔摩斯类似，贝尔本人也因能够从细微的观察中对人进行推断而闻名。

Similar to Sherlock Holmes, Bell himself is known for his ability to infer people from subtle observations.

曾经有一个人在没有任何自我介绍的情况下走向贝尔。

There was once a man who walked up to Bell without any self-introduction.

贝尔对他做出了以下推断：“你在军队服役过、

Bell inferred about him: "You served in the army,

刚退役不久、在一个高地团、一名士官、驻扎在巴巴多斯……”

recently retired, in a Highland regiment, a non-commissioned officer, stationed in Barbados…"

可见人类是可以达成某种程度上的推理演绎的。

It can be seen that human beings can achieve a certain degree of reasoning deduction.

人们为何对反社会人格感兴趣？

Why are people interested in antisocial personalities?

夏洛克福尔摩斯在书中和剧中介绍自己为一个高能的反社会性人格，

Sherlock Holmes introduces himself in the book and play as a high-powered antisocial personality.

诚然，这一人物个性有直白、邋遢、傲慢、自负和怪异的成分在，

And honestly, this character has elements of bluntness, sloppiness, arrogance, conceit, and weirdness,

但部分原因是他太聪明了，他将自己的社会疏远归咎于这一点。

but partly because he is too intelligent, and he blames his social alienation on this.

“我所拥有的就是孤独，而孤独也在保护我。”

"All I have is loneliness, and loneliness protects me."

但夏洛克是否真的反社会呢？

But is Sherlock really antisocial?

剧中，他在麦克夫特侮辱哈德森夫人后对他发飙；

In the play, he lashes out at Maxft after Maxft insults Mrs. Hudson;

假装自己死了以保护他所爱的人；

he pretends to be dead to protect his loved ones;

担心华生婚后会失去他；

he fears that Watson would lose him after marriage;

在华生和玛丽的婚礼后旧病复发；

he relapses after the wedding of Watson and Mary.

他因失去儿时的狗而感到非常沮丧，

He is frustrated by the loss of his dog in his childhood,

以至于三十多年后仍想起这件事，

and he still remembers it more than thirty years later.

可见夏洛克并非是真正的“反社会”人格，

That shows that Sherlock doesn't really have an "antisocial" personality.

他需要社会关系，甚至比常人更需要。

He needs social connections, even more than ordinary people.

同时，也因为“如果有天才的支持，傲慢和自私是可爱的。

At the same time, "arrogance and selfishness are lovely if there is the support of genius."

这被视为独特天赋者必须付出的代价。

This is seen as a price that the uniquely gifted must pay.

而没有天才的傲慢和自私只会令人讨厌。”

And arrogance and selfishness without genius is only annoying. "

智性恋天花板，什么是智性恋？

This is sapiosexual ceiling. So what is sapiosexual love?

19世纪末的柯南·道尔可能没想到，

At the end of the 19th century, Conan Doyle may not have imagined that

到了现代社会的2019年，会有一个“智性恋”的词语出现。

in 2019, there would be a word "sapiosexual".

简而言之，智性恋就是被智力所吸引的人。

Simply put, sapiosexual love is to describe a person who is attracted to intelligence.

好处是，当外貌随时间而改变，

The advantage is that when appearance changes over time,

智力反而保持在一个稳定值。

intelligence remains at a stable value.

但智力很难被演绎出来,

However, intelligence is difficult to deduce.

也就是说，人很难假装自己是有趣、有内涵的人，

That means, it is difficult for people to pretend to be attractive and knowledgeable people,

这也需要很长时间来检验。

which also takes a long time to show.

同时，聪明是有局限性的，人不能什么都懂，

At the same time, intelligence has limitations and people cannot understand everything.

且主观的判断有其倾向性。

Also, subjective judgment has its tendency.

这也就是为什么福尔摩斯会被假装出来的线索蒙蔽。

That's why Sherlock Holmes is blinded by pretended clues.

对于智者的欣赏，人皆有之。

Everyone has an appreciation for the wise.

与其说是欣赏理智，

It's not so much about appreciating reason

不如说是我们对生活中繁杂的事务让我们对成为一个理智解惑者的期待。

as about our expectations of being a rational solver of the complicated things of life.

不过也没关系，

But it doesn't matter.

看他人理智、让自己开心也不失为一个解压的方式。

Watching rational people and making yourself happy is also a way to decompress.

观世界才有世界观。

This is YaYa's global view.

让我们下期再见。

See you next time.