What does carbonated water do to your body?
碳酸水会对你的身体做出什么事?
As a species, we love carbonated drinks.
人类普遍都喜爱碳酸饮料。
The fizz on our tongues; that distinct, sharp, stinging sensation⏤bubbles can just make our drinks more fun.
在我们舌头上的气泡、那显著、强烈、微刺的口感,这些泡泡可以让我们的饮品变得更有趣。
But carbonation also gets a bad rap.
但碳酸化也会遭受不公指责。
See, to make a fizzy drink, you need to saturate your super cold liquid with carbon dioxide under high pressure.
是这样的,要制作碳酸饮品,你必须在极高压环境下在极冷的液体当中填充二氧化碳。
And when that CO2 dissolves in water, it creates carbonic acid.
而当二氧化碳在水中溶解时,会制造碳酸。
According to some places on the internet, that acid disintegrates the enamel of your teeth or even causes kidney stones, neither of which sound any good.
网络上有些文章指出,那种酸会分解你牙齿上的珐琅质,甚至引起肾结石,两者听起来都不是好事。
But the truth is, that is not carbonation or carbonic acid's fault.
但事实是,那并非碳酸化或是碳酸的错。
Instead, another acid is to blame, one that isn't found in bubbly water at all: phosphoric acid.
需被怪罪的反而是另一种酸,一种气泡水中完全找不到的物质:磷酸。
Phosphoric acid is a colorless, odorless acid made from the mineral phosphorus.
磷酸是由磷矿物质制成、无色且无味的一种酸。
And it gets added to dark-colored colas for flavor because it's tart, which helps balance the sweetness of all the added sugar.
它会被加入深色的可乐以调味,因为它的酸度会帮助平衡所有添加糖分的甜味。
It also helps prevent bacteria and mold growth, and those things can thrive in sugary mixtures, and they are not things we want in our colas.
它也会帮助预防细菌与霉菌滋生,而这些都是可能在甜味混合物中存活、我们不希望在可乐中出现的东西。
Overall, phosphorous isn't bad; it's actually an important mineral for human health.
整体而言,磷没有坏处,它其实有助人体健康的重要矿物质。
Our bodies use it for a slew of things from creating healthy teeth and strong bones to maintaining kidney function to storing energy.
我们的身体会在很多地方用到它,从生长健康的牙齿以及强健骨骼到维系肾脏功能以储存能量都有。
It's even in DNA and RNA.
它甚至存在 DNA 与 RNA 之中。
But too much phosphorus can be a problem, especially when it's artificially added to food and drinks.
但磷过剩可能会是一个问题,尤其当它被人工加入食物、饮品中时。
A lot of foods are naturally phosphorus-rich, but your body only partially absorbs this organic phosphorus.
许多食物本身就富含磷,但你的身体只会吸收这个有机物质的一部分。
Meanwhile, your body absorbs 100% of inorganic phosphorus that's added to food and drinks like the phosphoric acid in colas.
同时,你的身体会百分之百吸收添加到食物、饮品当中的非有机磷,如可乐当中的磷酸。
And that can lead to an excessive amount of it in the body.
而那可能会导致体内磷含量过高。
And that has some consequences.
那会有一些后果。
For instance, phosphoric acid is thought to cause kidney stones.
举例而言,磷酸被认为会引起肾结石。
The most common of these are made from calcium oxalate, and studies have found that phosphoric acid changes urine composition and causes a rise in oxalate.
其中最普遍的是草酸钙,而研究指出,磷酸会改变尿意组成并引起草酸钙提升。
This extra oxalate can then crystallize in the bladder and cause kidney stones.
这多出来的草酸钙可能会接在膀胱里结晶并引起肾结石。
Besides that, this acid also isn't great for your teeth; since it's acidic, it's proven to erode the enamel of your pearly whites.
此外,这种酸对你的牙齿也不太好,因为它属于酸性,已经被证明会侵蚀洁白牙齿的珐琅质。
These are both things the carbonic acid in bubbly water gets blamed for.
这两件事都是气泡水中碳酸被归咎的事情。
But, really, carbonic acid is much weaker than the phosphoric stuff.
但事实是,碳酸比磷要弱得多了。
I mean, it's still an acid, and in a study, researchers did find that sparkling mineral water dissolved slightly more tooth enamel than regular water.
我的意思是,它仍然是酸,而在一项研究中,研究人员确实有发现气泡矿泉水溶解的牙齿珐琅质比一般的水稍微多一些。
But thanks to the lack of sugar and phosphoric acid plus all those extra minerals in there it was also a hundred times better than soft drinks.
但多亏了其中缺乏的糖和磷酸,加上其中所有额外的矿物质,它也比软性饮料好一百倍。
And since carbonic acid also doesn't contain any phosphorous, that means it doesn't increase your risk for kidney stones, either.
由于碳酸也不含有任何磷,那表示它也不会提升你长肾结石的风险。
Now, don't take all this to mean you should never, ever, under any circumstances, drink a cola like doctors say, moderation is key.
现在可别把这些当作你不论在什么状况下都不该喝可乐,毕竟医生也都说了,关键是适量。
But it does mean that we can all thank you, please stop blaming fizzy water.
但这不表示我们都可以停止怪罪气泡水,没错,谢谢。
好文章
插个嘴
This is amazing!