英语故事：至圣先师孔子如何影响中国和世界？

Confucius is recognized as one world's greatest philosophers and one whose ideas have profoundly influenced civilizations in China and East Asia. You might have noticed his ideas and saying spreading around the world, but do you really know who Confucius was and why it is so important?

孔子被公认为世界上最伟大的哲学家之一，他的思想深刻地影响了中国和东亚的文明。你可能已经注意到他的思想和言论在世界各地传播，但你真的知道孔子是谁吗?为什么他如此重要?

Confucius was born in 551 BCin ZouCounty in the state of Lu. At the end of ancientChina's Spring and Autumn period. His mother raised him alone after his father passed away when he was 3. Confucius decided as a youth to devote his life to learning, gradually growing his knowledge and popular renown.

孔子于公元前551年出生在鲁国的邹县。在中国古代春秋末期。他3岁时父亲去世，母亲独自抚养他长大。孔子年轻时就决定终身求学，他的学识和声望逐渐增长。

He launched his political career and became a minor official in charge of granaries, while remaining true to hisoriginal aspirationsandpursuit of higher and deeper knowledge.

他开始了他的政治生涯，成为一个负责粮仓的小官员，但仍然忠于他的初心，追求更高更深的知识。

Through persistent expiration, Confucius gradually constructed a comprehensive ideological system advocating moral cultivation and benevolence and courtesy,inindividual conduct. The farmer emphasized kindness, compassion, helpfulness, sincerity and generosity, while the latter carriedspecific rules for behavior between membersofsociety with different relationships.

在漫长的岁月中，孔子逐渐构建了一个完整的思想体系，在个人行为中崇尚道德修养和仁礼。仁强调善良、同情、乐于助人、真诚和慷慨，而后者为不同关系的社会成员之间的行为提供了具体的规则。

Confucian , benevolence and courtesy imported the spirits of humanity and orderand occupy a unique position in the philosophical world that not only the essence of ancient Chinese social and political thought, but have also profoundly influenced the development of Chinaandworld in subsequent generations.

孔子的“仁、礼”思想注入了人性和秩序的精神，在哲学界占有独特的地位，不仅是中国古代社会政治思想的精华，而且深刻影响了后世中国和世界的发展。

In education, Confucius`slifelong policy was teaching without class, providing education for all regardless of social status.At a time when education was a luxury reserved for the aristocracy. His concept of universal education was groundbreaking.

在教育方面，孔子一生的办学方针是有教无类，不论高低贵贱，人人都受教育。当时教育是贵族的奢侈品。他的普及教育理念是开创性的。

Confucius also advocated teaching students in accordance with their aptitudes, introducing various methods targeted to each person's characteristics. Therefore, outstanding talents emergedunder Confucius in politics, literature and virtue, among others.

孔子还提倡因材施教，针对每个人的特点介绍各种方法。因此，在孔子的领导下，出现了政治、文学、道德等方面的杰出人才。

During his 40 year teaching career, Confucius has as many as 3000 disciples. The various ideas advocated by Confucius not only laidthe theoretical foundation for ancient Chinese education, they also profoundly influenced the modern education models and assured that China`sprecious traditional ideas wouldbe passed on through thousands of years.

在他40年的教学生涯中，孔子有多达3000名弟子。孔子所倡导的各种思想不仅为中国古代教育奠定了理论基础，而且深刻地影响了现代教育模式，保证了中国宝贵的传统思想将传承数千年。

The Confucius also advocated courtesy and benevolence in political thought, meaning governance with virtue. Rulers should emboldy benevolence and love for the people as the noblest way to govern with morality and ethics.

孔子在政治思想上也提倡礼仁，即以德治国。统治者应该把仁和爱民作为最高尚的道德和伦理治理方式。

Since the early Han dynasty, Confucianism has been China's prevalentideology. Respected by rulers in all eras, it has also inspired many thinkers and reformers throughout the history. In his later years, Confucius revised the 6 classics and its disciples posthumously callected hissayings in The Analects of Confucius, which have been passeddownon to later generations and spread widely around the world.

自汉初以来，儒家思想一直是中国的主流思想。它受到历代统治者的尊重，也启发了历史上许多思想家和改革家。孔子晚年修订了六经，其弟子在死后将其语录收录在《论语》中，流传后世，在世界各地广为流传。