37.High School English Listening

Here's a simple demonstration you can do with cool implications.
Find a large object that isbrightly colored–let's make it a green door.
Stand with that door to your side but don't look directly at it; you want it to be in your peripheralvision.
Now, without shifting your gaze, examine the door in the edge of your field of vision.
What color is it? Answer? It's still green.
It's still green? What kind of experiment is that?
I thought you are going to say somethinghappens to the color.
That's exact right!
The color stays green, which means something has happened-becausenothing in your peripheral vision should have any color at all.
Nothing in your peripheral vision should have any color? Why not?
Because color is what we perceive when light of a particular frequency meets cones-specialcells in your retina.
But the light being reflected off the door is only landing on the outside edge ofyour retina.
And there are almost no cones on the edges.
Everything we see roughly seventy-five degrees away from the point we're fixed on should be black and white.
That's fascinating! But why is the door still green?
Presumably the door remains green because vision isn't a simple matter of retinal cells.
All the data your eyes send is interpreted by the brain.
Your brain knows that the door is green, so it supplies information that isn't really there to keep the image stable.
This is just one of the many ways your brain saves time and energy by making reasonably safeassumptions about the world around you.
译文：
这里有一个简单的示范，你可以用很酷的含义来做。
找到一个颜色鲜艳的大物体--让我们把它变成一扇绿色的门。
站在门的一侧，但不要直视它；你希望它在你的周边视野中。
现在，不要转移你的视线，检查你视野边缘的那扇门。
它是什么颜色？答案是什么？还是绿色。
还是绿色？这算哪门子的实验？
我以为你会说颜色发生了什么变化。
那是完全正确的！颜色保持绿色，这意味着发生了一些事情。
颜色仍然是绿色的，这意味着发生了一些事情--因为在你的周边视野中根本就不应该有任何颜色。
在你的周边视野中没有任何颜色？为什么不呢？
因为颜色是当特定频率的光遇到视网膜上的锥体--特殊细胞时，我们所感知到的。
但是，从门上反射下来的光只落在你的视网膜的外缘。
而边缘上几乎没有锥体。
我们看到的距离我们所固定的点大约七十五度的一切都应该是黑白的。
这很吸引人! 但为什么门仍然是绿色的？
据推测，门仍然是绿色的，因为视觉并不是一个简单的视网膜细胞的问题。
你的眼睛发出的所有数据都是由大脑解释的。
你的大脑知道门是绿色的，所以它提供并不存在的信息以保持图像的稳定。
这只是你的大脑通过对你周围的世界做出合理安全的假设而节省时间和精力的众多方式之一。
重点词汇：
make it 到达 ; 及时赶上参加 ; 成功
field of vision 视野