农药残留最多的果蔬排名，网友：“最脏”水果竟然是我的最爱

随着天气转暖，各种新鲜果蔬成批上市。尽管我们在食用前都会清洗果蔬，但有些果蔬的农药残留还是难以去除。

你知道哪些果蔬的农药残留量最多，哪些最少吗？

The Environmental Working Group (EWG) recently released its annual Shopper’s Guide to Pesticides in Produce, which includes two lists: the “Dirty Dozen” and the “Clean Fifteen,” which rank which types of fruits and vegetables have the highest and lowest levels of pesticide residue, respectively.

美国环境工作组近日发布了年度农药残留农产品购物指南，其中包括两个清单：“最脏的12种”和“最干净的15种”，分别列出了农药残留最多和最少的果蔬类型。

 “最脏的12种果蔬”排名

1  Strawberries草莓

2  Spinach菠菜

3  Kale, collard & mustard greens羽衣甘蓝和芥菜

4  Nectarines油桃

5  Apples苹果

6  Grapes葡萄

7  Bell & hot peppers柿子椒和辣椒

8  Cherries樱桃

9  Peaches桃子

10  Pears梨

11  Celery芹菜

12  Tomatoes西红柿

The EWG found that 99% of strawberry samples (most recently tested in 2015-16) had detectable residues of at least one pesticide, earning the fruit the No. 1 spot. 

环境工作组发现，99%的草莓样品（最近一批样品检测时间是2015到2016年）至少可检测到一种农药残留，因而在农药残留上位列首位。

In addition, this year, the group found bell and hot peppers contained more pesticide residue than in the past, moving them up from 12th place to 7th place.

此外，环境工作组今年发现，柿子椒和辣椒所含的农药残留比往年更多，从12位上升到了第7位。

The EWG also found that conventional spinach had on average 1.8 times as much pesticide residue by weight as other tested crops, and kale, collard and mustard greens had the most pesticides detected in total.

环境工作组还发现，传统农产品菠菜所含的平均农药残留水平是接受检测的其他同等重量农产品的1.8倍。羽衣甘蓝和芥菜检测出的农药残留总量是最高的。

Which fruits and vegetables have the lowest levels of pesticides?

那么，哪种果蔬的农药残留最少呢？

Opposite the Dirty Dozen is EWG’s Clean Fifteen — a list of fruits and vegetables with the lowest amount of pesticide residue, with about 70% of samples having no detectable amounts. Notably, many of these foods have an outer layer that you typically remove before consuming.

和“最脏12种”相对的是环境工作组的“最干净15种”清单，列出了农药残留最少的果蔬，其中约70%的样品检测不出农药残留。值得注意的是，其中有许多果蔬都有一层外皮，一般在食用之前会剥掉。

“最干净的15种果蔬”排名

1  Avocados牛油果

2  Sweet corn甜玉米

3  Pineapple菠萝

4  Onions洋葱

5  Papaya木瓜

6  Sweet peas (frozen)甜豌豆（冷冻）

7  Asparagus芦笋

8  Honeydew melon蜜瓜

9  Kiwi猕猴桃

10  Cabbage卷心菜

11  Mushrooms蘑菇

12  Cantaloupe哈密瓜

13  Mangoes芒果

14  Watermelon西瓜

15  Sweet potatoes红薯

Shauna Henley, PhD, family and consumer sciences senior agent at the University of Maryland Extension, said that the best way to wash produce depends on its surface.

马里兰大学继续教育学院家庭与消费者科学高级专员肖娜·亨利博士说，清洗农产品的最好方式就是把表面洗干净。

Use a produce brush on rough surfaces like melons; rub smooth surfaces like apples with your hands; and try a colander or salad spinner for leafy greens, making sure to throw away the outer leaves first.

像蜜瓜这种表皮粗糙的果蔬，你可以用农产品专用刷子来刷洗；苹果等外表光滑的果蔬可以用手搓洗；绿叶蔬菜可以试着用过滤盆或脱水器来清洗，洗之前一定要先把外层的叶子丢掉。

Or try a baking soda solution: A 2017 study found that soaking apples in a mixture of baking soda and water for 12 to 15 minutes removed pesticide residue.

你也可以试试小苏打溶液：2017年的一项研究发现，将苹果在加了小苏打的水中浸泡12到15分钟可以去除农药残留。